Test 2 · ★ · The beach and the sea
A boy notices a calm, dark strip of water between breaking waves and thinks it looks like the best place to swim. Why is he wrong?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: boy, strip · What happens: notice, break, think, look, swim, be · To what, where: calm dark strip · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 2 · ★ of lesson 44 «The beach and the sea» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: A boy notices a calm, dark strip of water between breaking waves and thinks it looks like the best place to swim.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 boy | det |
| 2 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 notices | nsubj |
| 3 | notices | notice | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 strip | det |
| 5 | calm | calm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 strip | amod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 calm | punct |
| 7 | dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 strip | amod |
| 8 | strip | strip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 notices | obj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 water | case |
| 10 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 strip | nmod |
| 11 | between | between | ADP | _ | 13 waves | case |
| 12 | breaking | break | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 13 waves | amod |
| 13 | waves | wave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 strip | nmod |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 thinks | cc |
| 15 | thinks | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 notices | conj |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 looks | nsubj |
| 17 | looks | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 thinks | ccomp |
| 18 | like | like | ADP | _ | 21 place | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 place | det |
| 20 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 21 place | amod |
| 21 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 looks | obl |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 swim | mark |
| 23 | swim | swim | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 place | acl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 notices | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | notice | present | a boy | a calm dark strip of water | between breaking waves | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer strip=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | break | gerund | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 3 | think speech: other | present | a boy not said here | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 4 | look | present | strip | like the best place | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | swim | to-infinitive | strip not said here | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Why is he wrong?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 wrong | advmod |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 wrong | cop |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 wrong | nsubj |
| 4 | wrong | wrong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 wrong | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | boy | wrong property | tree rules |
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
Calm water has more jellyfish
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Calm | calm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 water | amod |
| 2 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 has | nsubj |
| 3 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 5 jellyfish | amod |
| 5 | jellyfish | jellyfish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 has | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | Calm water | more jellyfish | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jellyfish=Patient |
Option 2
Dark water always means there is a shark swimming close by
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 water | amod |
| 2 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 means | nsubj |
| 3 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 4 means | advmod |
| 4 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 6 is | expl |
| 6 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 means | ccomp |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 shark | det |
| 8 | shark | shark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 is | nsubj |
| 9 | swimming | swim | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 shark | acl |
| 10 | close | close | ADV | Degree=Pos | 9 swimming | advmod |
| 11 | by | by | ADP | _ | 9 swimming | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | Dark water | always property | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | be | present | a shark | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | swim | gerund | a shark not said here | close property | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 3
Dark water is always very cold
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dark | dark | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 water | amod |
| 2 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 cold | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 cold | cop |
| 4 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 6 cold | advmod |
| 5 | very | very | ADV | _ | 6 cold | advmod |
| 6 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Dark water | always, cold property | tree rules |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
That calm strip may be a rip current flowing out
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | That | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 strip | det |
| 2 | calm | calm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 strip | amod |
| 3 | strip | strip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 current | nsubj |
| 4 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 current | aux |
| 5 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 8 current | cop |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 current | det |
| 7 | rip | rip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 current | compound |
| 8 | current | current | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | flowing | flow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 current | acl |
| 10 | out | out | ADP | _ | 9 flowing | compound:prt |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | may | that calm strip | a rip current | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | flow out | gerund | a rip current not said here | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/44-the-beach-and-the-sea/t2/