Exam question 1 · «Only one left!»: shops and adverts

Identify the principal purpose of a notice declaring that an item constitutes «the last one» available.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, notice, item · What happens: identify, declare, constitute, purpose · To what, where: principal purpose, last one

This is exam question 1 of lesson 441 ««Only one left!»: shops and adverts» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 purpose	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 purpose	amod
4	purpose	purpose	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 notice	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 notice	det
7	notice	notice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 purpose	nmod
8	declaring	declare	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 notice	acl
9	that	that	SCONJ	_	12 constitutes	mark
10	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 item	det
11	item	item	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 constitutes	nsubj
12	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 declaring	advcl
13	«	«	PUNCT	_	16 one	punct
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 one	det
15	last	last	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 one	amod
16	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 constitutes	obj
17	»	»	PUNCT	_	16 one	punct
18	available	available	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 constitutes	ccomp
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal purpose of a notice	vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent purpose=Theme
2	declare speech: other	gerund	a notice not said here		vn declare-29.4-1-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent
3	constitute	present	a item	the last one	vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme one=Pivot
4	purpose		a notice		nom purpose «cognition intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

To induce the customer to purchase without deliberation

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 induce	mark
2	induce	induce	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 customer	det
4	customer	customer	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 induce	obj
5	to	to	PART	_	6 purchase	mark
6	purchase	purchase	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 induce	advcl
7	without	without	ADP	_	8 deliberation	case
8	deliberation	deliberation	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 purchase	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	induce	to-infinitive		the customer					vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent customer=Patient
2	purchase	to-infinitive						without deliberation	vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset

Option 2

To comply with a statutory requirement

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 comply	mark
2	comply	comply	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	with	with	ADP	_	6 requirement	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 requirement	det
5	statutory	statutory	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 requirement	amod
6	requirement	requirement	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 comply	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	comply	to-infinitive						with a statutory requirement	tree rules

Option 3

To inform the customer of an accurate count of the remaining stock

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 inform	mark
2	inform	inform	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 customer	det
4	customer	customer	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 inform	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	8 count	case
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 count	det
7	accurate	accurate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 count	amod
8	count	count	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 customer	nmod
9	of	of	ADP	_	12 stock	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 stock	det
11	remaining	remaining	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 stock	amod
12	stock	stock	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 count	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	inform speech: other	to-infinitive		the customer of a accurate count of the remaining stock					vn tell-37.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent customer=Recipient

Option 4

To restrict purchases to one per customer

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 restrict	mark
2	restrict	restrict	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	purchases	purchase	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 restrict	obj
4	to	to	ADP	_	7 customer	case
5	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 customer	nummod
6	per	per	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 customer	compound
7	customer	customer	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 restrict	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	restrict	to-infinitive		purchases				to one per customer goal	vn limit-76 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Causer purchase=Patient to customer=Goal

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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