Exam question 3 · «Only one left!»: shops and adverts

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a favourable review delivered by a person remunerated by the manufacturer?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, deliver, remunerate · To what, where: favourable review, person

This is exam question 3 of lesson 441 ««Only one left!»: shops and adverts» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 review	det
10	favourable	favourable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 review	amod
11	review	review	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
12	delivered	deliver	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 review	acl
13	by	by	ADP	_	15 person	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 person	det
15	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 delivered	obl
16	remunerated	remunerate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 person	acl
17	by	by	ADP	_	19 manufacturer	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 manufacturer	det
19	manufacturer	manufacturer	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 remunerated	obl
20	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	a favourable review	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	deliver	participle	a favourable review not said here	by a person	vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	remunerate	participle	a person not said here	by the manufacturer	vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It constitutes the most reliable evidence available, the reviewer having used the product

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 evidence	det
4	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	5 reliable	advmod
5	reliable	reliable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 evidence	amod
6	evidence	evidence	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj
7	available	available	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 evidence	acl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 used	punct
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 reviewer	det
10	reviewer	reviewer	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 used	nsubj:pass
11	having	have	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 used	aux
12	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 constitutes	advcl
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 product	det
14	product	product	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 used	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	the reliable evidence					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme evidence=Pivot
2	use	gerund · perfect · passive		the reviewer					tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It constitutes an advertisement rather than an independent judgement

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 advertisement	det
4	advertisement	advertisement	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj
5	rather	rather	ADV	ExtPos=CCONJ	9 judgement	cc
6	than	than	ADP	_	5 rather	fixed
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 judgement	det
8	independent	independent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 judgement	amod
9	judgement	judgement	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	a advertisement					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme advertisement=Pivot

Option 3

It constitutes a scientific test of the product

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 test	det
4	scientific	scientific	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 test	amod
5	test	test	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 product	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 product	det
8	product	product	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 test	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	a scientific test of the product					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme test=Pivot
2	test			the product					nom test «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Option 4

It constitutes a guarantee of the product's quality

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 guarantee	det
4	guarantee	guarantee	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	9 quality	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 product	det
7	product	product	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 quality	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 product	case
9	quality	quality	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 guarantee	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	a guarantee of the product's quality					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme guarantee=Pivot
2	guarantee			the product's quality					nom guarantee «communication transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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