Exam question 3 · The older kid's «trade»

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises membership of a group conditional upon weekly payment?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: membership

This is exam question 3 of lesson 445 «The older kid's «trade»» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	membership	membership	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 group	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 group	det
12	group	group	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 membership	nmod
13	conditional	conditional	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 characterises	xcomp
14	upon	upon	ADP	_	16 payment	case
15	weekly	weekly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 payment	amod
16	payment	payment	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 conditional	obl
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		membership of a group				of the following statements; accurately, conditional property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It constitutes a school regulation

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 regulation	det
4	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 regulation	compound
5	regulation	regulation	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	a school regulation					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme regulation=Pivot

Option 2

It constitutes a fair exchange of services

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 exchange	det
4	fair	fair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 exchange	amod
5	exchange	exchange	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 services	case
7	services	service	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 exchange	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	a fair exchange of services					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme exchange=Pivot
2	exchange			services					nom exchange «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It constitutes taking rather than friendship and ought to be reported

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	taking	take	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 constitutes	xcomp
4	rather	rather	ADV	ExtPos=CCONJ	6 friendship	cc
5	than	than	ADP	_	4 rather	fixed
6	friendship	friendship	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 taking	conj
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 reported	cc
8	ought	ought	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 reported	aux
9	to	to	PART	_	11 reported	mark
10	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	11 reported	aux:pass
11	reported	report	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 constitutes	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	tree rules
2	take	gerund		vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	report	ought · passive		vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»

Option 4

It constitutes a customary condition of friendship among older pupils at school

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 constitutes	nsubj
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 condition	det
4	customary	customary	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 condition	compound
5	condition	condition	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 friendship	case
7	friendship	friendship	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 condition	nmod
8	among	among	ADP	_	10 pupils	case
9	older	old	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 pupils	amod
10	pupils	pupil	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 constitutes	obl
11	at	at	ADP	_	12 school	case
12	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 constitutes	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	It	a customary condition of friendship		school		among older pupils	vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme condition=Pivot
2	condition			friendship					nom condition «state transitive»: of=patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/445-the-older-kids-trade/e3/