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Test 10 · ★ · Stories that change

«He pushed me by the gate!» «No, he pushed ME by the bins!» What would settle it best?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: He · What happens: push, settle · To what, where: me, gate

This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 449 «Stories that change» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: «He pushed me by the gate!»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	3 pushed	punct
2	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 pushed	nsubj
3	pushed	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	3 pushed	obj
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 gate	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 gate	det
7	gate	gate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pushed	obl
8	!	!	PUNCT	_	3 pushed	punct
9	»	»	PUNCT	_	3 pushed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push in a quote	past	He	me				by the gate	vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent i=Theme by gate=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: «No, he pushed ME by the bins!»

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 pushed	punct
2	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 pushed	discourse
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 pushed	punct
4	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 pushed	nsubj
5	pushed	push	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	ME	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 pushed	obj
7	by	by	ADP	_	9 bins	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 bins	det
9	bins	bin	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 pushed	obl
10	!	!	PUNCT	_	5 pushed	punct
11	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 pushed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push in a quote	past	he	ME				by the bins	vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent i=Theme by bin=Trajectory

Sentence 3: What would settle it best?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 settle	obj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 settle	aux
3	settle	settle	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 settle	obj
5	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	3 settle	obj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 settle	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	settle	would		gate					tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

A coin toss

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 toss	det
2	coin	coin	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 toss	compound
3	toss	toss	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

Whoever cries first

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Whoever	whoever	PRON	PronType=Rel	2 cries	nsubj
2	cries	cry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	2 cries	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cry speech: express	present	Whoever					first property	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

Whoever is taller

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Whoever	whoever	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 taller	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 taller	cop
3	taller	tall	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Whoever					tall property	tree rules

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

Someone who saw it from outside

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	root	root
2	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 saw	nsubj
3	saw	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 Someone	acl:relcl
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 saw	obj
5	from	from	ADP	_	6 outside	case
6	outside	outside	ADV	_	3 saw	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	see	past		it					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/449-stories-that-change/t10/