Test 7 · ★ · Stories that change
Josh: «fell off the swing — no, the stairs — no, Leo pushed me». What's the kind next step?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Josh, Leo, kind next step · What happens: fall off, push, be · To what, where: swing, me
This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 449 «Stories that change» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
Sentence 1: Josh: «fell off the swing — no, the stairs — no, Leo pushed me».
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Josh | Josh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 fell | nsubj |
| 2 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 1 Josh | punct |
| 3 | « | « | PUNCT | _ | 4 fell | punct |
| 4 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | off | off | ADP | _ | 7 swing | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 swing | det |
| 7 | swing | swing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 fell | obl |
| 8 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 stairs | punct |
| 9 | no | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 12 stairs | discourse |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 no | punct |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 stairs | det |
| 12 | stairs | stair | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 fell | obl |
| 13 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 17 pushed | punct |
| 14 | no | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 17 pushed | discourse |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 no | punct |
| 16 | Leo | Leo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 pushed | nsubj |
| 17 | pushed | push | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 fell | conj |
| 18 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 pushed | obj |
| 19 | » | » | PUNCT | _ | 17 pushed | punct |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 fell | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fall off in a quote | past | Josh | the swing | the stairs obl | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V NP.extent PP.source PP.goal»: agent=Patient swing=Extent | |||
| 2 | push in a quote | past | Leo | me | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: What's the kind next step?
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | root | root |
| 2 | 's | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 What | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 step | det |
| 4 | kind | kind | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 step | amod |
| 5 | next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 step | amod |
| 6 | step | step | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 What | nsubj |
| 7 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 1 What | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the kind next step | tree rules |
The options
Option 1
Laugh at him for lying so badly
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Laugh | laugh | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | at | at | ADP | _ | 3 him | case |
| 3 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 1 Laugh | obl |
| 4 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 5 lying | mark |
| 5 | lying | lie | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 1 Laugh | advcl |
| 6 | so | so | ADV | _ | 7 badly | advmod |
| 7 | badly | badly | ADV | Degree=Pos | 5 lying | advmod |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | laugh | imperative | you not said here | at him = he | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | lie | gerund | you not said here | badly property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice
Believe the first story he told
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Believe | believe | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 story | det |
| 3 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 4 story | amod |
| 4 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Believe | obj |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 told | nsubj |
| 6 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 story | acl:relcl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | believe | imperative | you not said here | the first story | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer story=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | past | he | the first story not said here | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent story=Recipient |
Option 3
Ground him for a month without asking anything
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ground | ground | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 1 Ground | obj |
| 3 | for | for | ADP | _ | 5 month | case |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 month | det |
| 5 | month | month | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Ground | obl |
| 6 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 7 asking | mark |
| 7 | asking | ask | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 1 Ground | advcl |
| 8 | anything | anything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 7 asking | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ground | imperative | you not said here | him = he | month | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V ADVP»: agent=Theme he=Destination | |||
| 2 | ask speech: ask | gerund | you not said here | anything | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent anything=Recipient |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
Ask gently what really happened
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ask | ask | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | gently | gently | ADV | _ | 1 Ask | advmod |
| 3 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 5 happened | nsubj |
| 4 | really | really | ADV | _ | 5 happened | advmod |
| 5 | happened | happen | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 1 Ask | ccomp |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | imperative | you not said here | gently property | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | happen | past | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/449-stories-that-change/t7/