Exam question 4 · The copier and the one who competes at everything

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning permitting a classmate to copy one's homework.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern, permit, copy · To what, where: response, classmate, homework

This is exam question 4 of lesson 469 «The copier and the one who competes at everything» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	permitting	permit	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	9 concerning	xcomp
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 classmate	det
12	classmate	classmate	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 permitting	obj
13	to	to	PART	_	14 copy	mark
14	copy	copy	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 permitting	advcl
15	one	one	PRON	Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 homework	nmod:poss
16	's	's	PART	_	15 one	case
17	homework	homework	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 copy	obj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here			tree rules
4	permit	gerund	the established facts not said here	a classmate		vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent classmate=Theme
5	copy	to-infinitive	the established facts not said here	one's homework		vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent homework=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It has no consequences for either pupil

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 has	nsubj
2	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	4 consequences	det
4	consequences	consequence	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 has	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	7 pupil	case
6	either	either	DET	PronType=Ind	7 pupil	det
7	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 consequences	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	It	no consequences				for either pupil	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent consequence=Patient

Option 2

It improves his understanding of the subject

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 improves	nsubj
2	improves	improve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 understanding	nmod:poss
4	understanding	understanding	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 improves	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 subject	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 subject	det
7	subject	subject	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 understanding	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	improve	present	It	his understanding of the subject					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent understanding=Patient
2	understand		his = he	the subject					nom understanding «cognition transitive»: poss=agent of=patient

Option 3

It is the kindest form of assistance available to a struggling pupil

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 form	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 form	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 form	det
4	kindest	kind	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 form	amod
5	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 assistance	case
7	assistance	assistance	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 form	nmod
8	available	available	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 assistance	amod
9	to	to	ADP	_	12 pupil	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 pupil	det
11	struggling	struggle	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	12 pupil	amod
12	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 available	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	the kindest form				of assistance	tree rules
2	struggle	gerund							vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

It impedes his learning and conceals his need for assistance

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 impedes	nsubj
2	impedes	impede	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 learning	nmod:poss
4	learning	learning	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 impedes	obj
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 conceals	cc
6	conceals	conceal	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 impedes	conj
7	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 need	nmod:poss
8	need	need	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 conceals	obj
9	for	for	ADP	_	10 assistance	case
10	assistance	assistance	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 conceals	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	impede	present	It	his learning		vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer learning=Eventuality
2	conceal	present		his need	for assistance	vn concealment-16 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent need=Patient
3	need		his = he			nom need «state transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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