Exam question 2 · Enemies who became friends, and ones who never did

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises an enmity that does not develop into friendship?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: enmity · What happens: follow, characteris, not develop · To what, where: enmity, friendship

This is exam question 2 of lesson 484 «Enemies who became friends, and ones who never did» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 enmity	det
10	enmity	enmity	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 develop	nsubj
12	does	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 develop	aux
13	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	14 develop	advmod
14	develop	develop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 enmity	acl:relcl
15	into	into	ADP	_	16 friendship	case
16	friendship	friendship	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 develop	obl
17	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund					vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		a enmity		of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	not develop	present · do-support	a enmity		friendship		vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.patient V PP.product»: agent=Patient into friendship=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It must be pursued by retaliation until one party concedes defeat

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 pursued	nsubj:pass
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 pursued	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 pursued	aux:pass
4	pursued	pursue	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 retaliation	case
6	retaliation	retaliation	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pursued	obl
7	until	until	SCONJ	_	10 concedes	mark
8	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	9 party	nummod
9	party	party	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 concedes	nsubj
10	concedes	concede	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 pursued	advcl
11	defeat	defeat	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 concedes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pursue	must · passive	retaliation	It					vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
2	concede	present	one party	defeat					vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent defeat=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

Peaceable distance, without conflict, constitutes an acceptable resolution

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Peaceable	peaceable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 distance	amod
2	distance	distance	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 constitutes	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 conflict	punct
4	without	without	ADP	_	5 conflict	case
5	conflict	conflict	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 distance	conj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 distance	punct
7	constitutes	constitute	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 resolution	det
9	acceptable	acceptable	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 resolution	amod
10	resolution	resolution	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 constitutes	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	constitute	present	Peaceable distance and conflict	a acceptable resolution					vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme resolution=Pivot

Option 3

It must be concluded by a contest

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 concluded	nsubj:pass
2	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 concluded	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	4 concluded	aux:pass
4	concluded	conclude	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 contest	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 contest	det
7	contest	contest	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 concluded	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	conclude	must · passive	a contest	It					vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Option 4

It indicates failure on the part of both parties

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 indicates	nsubj
2	indicates	indicate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	failure	failure	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 indicates	obj
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 part	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 part	det
6	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 indicates	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 parties	case
8	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	9 parties	det
9	parties	party	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 part	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	indicate	present	It	failure		the part of both parties			vn indicate-78-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot failure=Topic

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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