Exam question 1 · Friends who only come for the pool: rich kids and rumours

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises friends who attend a wealthy child's house solely for its amenities?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: friends · What happens: follow, characteris, attend · To what, where: friends, house

This is exam question 1 of lesson 492 «Friends who only come for the pool: rich kids and rumours» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obj
10	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 attend	nsubj
11	attend	attend	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 friends	acl:relcl
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 child	det
13	wealthy	wealthy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 child	amod
14	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 house	nmod:poss
15	's	's	PART	_	14 child	case
16	house	house	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 attend	obj
17	solely	solely	ADV	_	11 attend	advmod
18	for	for	ADP	_	20 amenities	case
19	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	20 amenities	nmod:poss
20	amenities	amenity	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 attend	obl
21	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund				vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		friends	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	attend	present	friends	a wealthy child's house	for house's amenities; solely property	vn attend-107.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme house=Goal

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They are the truest of friends, since they visit with great regularity

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 truest	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 truest	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 truest	det
4	truest	true	ADJ	Degree=Sup	root	root
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 friends	case
6	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 truest	nmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 visit	punct
8	since	since	SCONJ	_	10 visit	mark
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 visit	nsubj
10	visit	visit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 truest	conj
11	with	with	ADP	_	13 regularity	case
12	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 regularity	amod
13	regularity	regularity	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 visit	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They					of friends; true property	tree rules
2	visit	present	friends = friend					with great regularity	vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with regularity=Co-Agent

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

They are not true friends, since they value the possessions over the person

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 friends	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 friends	cop
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 friends	advmod
4	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 friends	amod
5	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 value	punct
7	since	since	SCONJ	_	9 value	mark
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 value	nsubj
9	value	value	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 friends	conj
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 possessions	det
11	possessions	possession	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 value	obj
12	over	over	ADP	_	14 person	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 person	det
14	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 value	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not is a	present	They	true friends					tree rules
2	value	present	friends = friend	the possessions				over the person	vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer possession=Stimulus

Option 3

They are merely shy, and will in time come to value the child himself

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 shy	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 shy	cop
3	merely	merely	ADV	_	4 shy	advmod
4	shy	shy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 come	punct
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 come	cc
7	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 come	aux
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 time	case
9	time	time	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 come	obl
10	come	come	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	4 shy	parataxis
11	to	to	PART	_	12 value	mark
12	value	value	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 come	xcomp
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 child	det
14	child	child	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 value	obj
15	himself	himself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes	12 value	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They			merely, shy property	tree rules
2	come	future			time		tree rules
3	value	to-infinitive		the child		child obl:unmarked	vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer child=Stimulus

Option 4

They are required by courtesy to attend whenever a pool is available

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 required	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 required	aux:pass
3	required	require	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	5 courtesy	case
5	courtesy	courtesy	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 required	obl
6	to	to	PART	_	7 attend	mark
7	attend	attend	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 required	xcomp
8	whenever	whenever	ADV	PronType=Rel	12 available	advmod
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 pool	det
10	pool	pool	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 available	nsubj
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 available	cop
12	available	available	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 required	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	require	present · passive	courtesy	They		vn order-58.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient clause=Topic
2	attend	to-infinitive	courtesy not said here			vn caring-75.2-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent
3	is	present	a pool		available, whenever property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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