Test 17 · ★★★ · Thinking like a lifeguard

heard a guy got struck by lightning cos he stood under the only tree in the field to stay dry

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: lightning, he · What happens: hear, strike, stand, stay · To what, where: guy, only tree · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 17 · ★★★ of lesson 50 «Thinking like a lifeguard» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	heard	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 guy	det
3	guy	guy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 struck	nsubj:pass
4	got	get	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 struck	aux:pass
5	struck	strike	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 heard	ccomp
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 lightning	case
7	lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 struck	obl
8	cos	cos	SCONJ	_	10 stood	mark
9	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 stood	nsubj
10	stood	stand	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	1 heard	ccomp
11	under	under	ADP	_	14 tree	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 tree	det
13	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 tree	amod
14	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 stood	obl
15	in	in	ADP	_	17 field	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 field	det
17	field	field	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 stood	obl
18	to	to	PART	_	19 stay	mark
19	stay	stay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	10 stood	advcl
20	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 stay	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	hear	past					vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	strike	past · passive	lightning	a guy			vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
3	stand	past	he		the only tree	in the field	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under tree=Location
4	stay	to-infinitive	he not said here			dry property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Real lesson: lightning often strikes the tallest thing, so never shelter under a lone tree

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 lesson	amod
2	lesson	lesson	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 strikes	nsubj
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	4 lightning	punct
4	lightning	lightning	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 strikes	nsubj
5	often	often	ADV	_	6 strikes	advmod
6	strikes	strike	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 thing	det
8	tallest	tall	ADJ	Degree=Sup	9 thing	amod
9	thing	thing	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 strikes	obj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 shelter	punct
11	so	so	ADV	_	13 shelter	advmod
12	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	13 shelter	advmod
13	shelter	shelter	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 strikes	conj
14	under	under	ADP	_	17 tree	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 tree	det
16	lone	lone	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 tree	amod
17	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 shelter	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	strike	present	Real lesson	the tallest thing				often property	vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Patient
2	not shelter	infinitive	Real lesson not said here			a lone tree			vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under tree=Location

Option 2

It proves fields are always safe without trees

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 proves	nsubj
2	proves	prove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	fields	field	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 safe	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 safe	cop
5	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	6 safe	advmod
6	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 proves	ccomp
7	without	without	ADP	_	8 trees	case
8	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 safe	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prove	present	It						vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	fields					without trees; always, safe property	tree rules

Option 3

Real lesson: trees only get struck when it rains, so stand under them before the rain starts

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Real	real	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 lesson	amod
2	lesson	lesson	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 struck	punct
4	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 struck	nsubj:pass
5	only	only	ADV	_	7 struck	advmod
6	get	get	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 struck	aux:pass
7	struck	strike	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 lesson	conj
8	when	when	SCONJ	_	10 rains	mark
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 rains	nsubj
10	rains	rain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 struck	advcl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 stand	punct
12	so	so	ADV	_	13 stand	advmod
13	stand	stand	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 lesson	appos
14	under	under	ADP	_	15 them	case
15	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 stand	obl
16	before	before	SCONJ	_	19 starts	mark
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 rain	det
18	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 starts	nsubj
19	starts	start	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 stand	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	strike	present · passive		trees		vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	rain	present	it			vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme»
3	stand	infinitive			under trees = tree	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under they=Location
4	start	present	the rain			vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

It is gossip, so lone trees are good shelter

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 gossip	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 gossip	cop
3	gossip	gossip	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 shelter	punct
5	so	so	ADV	_	10 shelter	advmod
6	lone	lone	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 trees	amod
7	trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 shelter	nsubj
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 shelter	cop
9	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 shelter	amod
10	shelter	shelter	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gossip	appos

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	gossip					tree rules
2	is a	present	lone trees	good shelter					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/50-thinking-about-outdoor-safety/t17/