Test 6 · ★★★ · Thinking like a lifeguard

A swimmer is pulled out by a rip but stays calm, floats and then swims across the beach. Why did this work?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: rip, this · What happens: pull out, stay, float, swim, work · To what, where: swimmer, beach

This is test 6 · ★★★ of lesson 50 «Thinking like a lifeguard» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A swimmer is pulled out by a rip but stays calm, floats and then swims across the beach.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 swimmer	det
2	swimmer	swimmer	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pulled	nsubj:pass
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 pulled	aux:pass
4	pulled	pull	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	out	out	ADP	_	4 pulled	compound:prt
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 rip	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 rip	det
8	rip	rip	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pulled	obl
9	but	but	CCONJ	_	10 stays	cc
10	stays	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 pulled	conj
11	calm	calm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 stays	xcomp
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 floats	punct
13	floats	float	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 pulled	parataxis
14	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 swims	cc
15	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	16 swims	advmod
16	swims	swim	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 floats	conj
17	across	across	ADP	_	19 beach	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 beach	det
19	beach	beach	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 swims	obl
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 pulled	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pull out	present · passive	a rip	a swimmer				tree rules
2	stay	present	a rip not said here				calm property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	float	present						vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	swim	present			the beach	then		vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme across beach=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why did this work?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 work	advmod
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 work	aux
3	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	4 work	nsubj
4	work	work	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 work	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	work	past · do-support	this						vn employment-95.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

The options

Option 1

Calm swimmers are not felt by the current, so it lets them go

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Calm	calm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 swimmers	amod
2	swimmers	swimmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 felt	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 felt	aux:pass
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 felt	advmod
5	felt	feel	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 current	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 current	det
8	current	current	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 felt	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 lets	punct
10	so	so	ADV	_	12 lets	advmod
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 lets	nsubj
12	lets	let	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 felt	conj
13	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 lets	obj
14	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 lets	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	not feel	present · passive	the current	Calm swimmers	vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme
2	let	present	current	swimmers = swimmer	tree rules
3	go	infinitive	swimmers = swimmer not said here		vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2

Floating made the water stop moving

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Floating	float	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 made	nsubj
2	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 water	det
4	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 made	obj
5	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 made	xcomp
6	moving	move	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 stop	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	float	gerund			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	make	past		the water	tree rules
3	stop	present	the water not said here		vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
4	move	gerund	the water not said here		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

The rip was narrow, so the sideways swim got her out

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 rip	det
2	rip	rip	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 narrow	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 narrow	cop
4	narrow	narrow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 got	punct
6	so	so	ADV	_	10 got	advmod
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 swim	det
8	sideways	sideways	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 swim	amod
9	swim	swim	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 got	nsubj
10	got	get	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 narrow	conj
11	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 got	obj
12	out	out	ADP	_	10 got	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the rip					narrow property	tree rules
2	get out	past	the sideways swim	her = she					tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice

The rip turned around to bring her home

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 rip	det
2	rip	rip	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 turned	nsubj
3	turned	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	around	around	ADV	_	3 turned	advmod
5	to	to	PART	_	6 bring	mark
6	bring	bring	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 turned	xcomp
7	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 home	nmod:poss
8	home	home	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 bring	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	turn around	past	the rip					around property	tree rules
2	bring	to-infinitive	the rip not said here	rip's home					vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent home=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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