Exam question 1 · Dementia and the first death in the family

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises dementia?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: dementia

This is exam question 1 of lesson 514 «Dementia and the first death in the family» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	dementia	dementia	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		dementia				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

A brief illness from which recovery is swift

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 illness	det
2	brief	brief	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 illness	amod
3	illness	illness	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 swift	nsubj
4	from	from	ADP	_	6 recovery	case
5	which	which	DET	PronType=Int	6 recovery	det
6	recovery	recovery	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 illness	nmod
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 swift	cop
8	swift	swift	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a brief illness from which recovery	swift					tree rules

Option 2

A condition caused by insufficient effort on the sufferer's part

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 condition	det
2	condition	condition	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	caused	cause	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 condition	acl
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 effort	case
5	insufficient	insufficient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 effort	amod
6	effort	effort	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caused	obl
7	on	on	ADP	_	11 part	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 sufferer	det
9	sufferer	sufferer	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 part	nmod:poss
10	's	's	PART	_	9 sufferer	case
11	part	part	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 caused	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	participle		a condition not said here		the sufferer's part		by insufficient effort	vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

An illness of the brain causing progressive loss of memory

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 illness	det
2	illness	illness	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 brain	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 brain	det
5	brain	brain	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 illness	nmod
6	causing	cause	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 illness	acl
7	progressive	progressive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 loss	amod
8	loss	loss	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 causing	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 memory	case
10	memory	memory	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 loss	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	gerund	a illness of the brain not said here	progressive loss of memory					vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition loss=Patient

Option 4

A wilful neglect by the sufferer to remember others

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 neglect	det
2	wilful	wilful	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 neglect	amod
3	neglect	neglect	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 sufferer	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 sufferer	det
6	sufferer	sufferer	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 neglect	nmod
7	to	to	PART	_	8 remember	mark
8	remember	remember	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 neglect	acl
9	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 remember	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remember	to-infinitive		others					vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent other=Theme
2	neglect		the sufferer						nom neglect «cognition transitive»: by=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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