Test 14 · ★★★ · Thinking cleverly about people

everyone's saying Sam stole money, should i pass it on

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: everyone, Sam, i · What happens: say, steal, pass on · To what, where: money · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 14 · ★★★ of lesson 60 «Thinking cleverly about people» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	3 saying	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 saying	aux
3	saying	say	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	Sam	Sam	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 stole	nsubj
5	stole	steal	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 saying	ccomp
6	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 stole	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 pass	punct
8	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 pass	aux
9	i	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 pass	nsubj
10	pass	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 saying	advcl
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 pass	obj
12	on	on	ADP	_	10 pass	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present · progressive	everyone		vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	steal	past	Sam	money	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location money=Theme
3	pass on	should	i	money	vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Yes, if lots of people say it, it must be true

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	13 true	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	if	if	SCONJ	_	7 say	mark
4	lots	lot	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 say	nsubj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 people	case
6	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 lots	nmod
7	say	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	13 true	advcl
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 say	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 say	punct
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 true	nsubj
11	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 true	aux
12	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	13 true	cop
13	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert a condition, not said to happen	present	lots of people	it					vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent it=Topic
2	is	must	it					true property	tree rules

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

No, it may be false and could hurt Sam badly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 false	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 false	nsubj
4	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 false	aux
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 false	cop
6	false	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 hurt	cc
8	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 hurt	aux
9	hurt	hurt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 false	conj
10	Sam	Sam	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 hurt	obj
11	badly	badly	ADV	Degree=Pos	9 hurt	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	may	it					false property	tree rules
2	hurt	could		Sam				badly property	vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sam=Patient

Option 3

Yes, it is just news

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 news	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 news	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 news	cop
5	just	just	ADV	_	6 news	advmod
6	news	news	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	it	news					tree rules

Option 4

Yes, but only to friends

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 friends	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	but	but	CCONJ	_	6 friends	cc
4	only	only	ADV	_	6 friends	advmod
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 friends	case
6	friends	friend	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/60-reasoning-about-people/t14/