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Test 1 · ★ · Cats and dogs up close

A boy in Ohio says his cat lands on its feet, so it is fine to let it sit on an open fifth-floor balcony. Which is right?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: boy, cat · What happens: say, land, be, let, sit · To what, where: feet, cat, open floor balcony · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 61 «Cats and dogs up close» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A boy in Ohio says his cat lands on its feet, so it is fine to let it sit on an open fifth-floor balcony.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 says	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Ohio	case
4	Ohio	Ohio	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 boy	nmod
5	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 cat	nmod:poss
7	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lands	nsubj
8	lands	land	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 says	ccomp
9	on	on	ADP	_	11 feet	case
10	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 feet	nmod:poss
11	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 lands	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 fine	punct
13	so	so	ADV	_	16 fine	advmod
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 fine	expl
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 fine	cop
16	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 says	ccomp
17	to	to	PART	_	18 let	mark
18	let	let	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	16 fine	csubj
19	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 let	obj
20	sit	sit	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 let	xcomp
21	on	on	ADP	_	27 balcony	case
22	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	27 balcony	det
23	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	27 balcony	amod
24	fifth	fifth	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 floor	compound
25	-	-	PUNCT	_	24 fifth	punct
26	floor	floor	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 balcony	compound
27	balcony	balcony	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 sit	obl
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a boy in Ohio						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	land	present	boy's cat			cat's feet			vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on foot=Destination
3	is	present						fine property	tree rules
4	let	to-infinitive		cat					tree rules
5	sit	infinitive	cat not said here			a open floor balcony			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on balcony=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Which is right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	3 right	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

No, but only because of the wind

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	8 wind	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	but	but	CCONJ	_	8 wind	cc
4	only	only	ADV	_	8 wind	advmod
5	because	because	ADP	ExtPos=ADP	8 wind	case
6	of	of	ADP	_	5 because	fixed
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 wind	det
8	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 2

Yes, as long as the cat is young

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 long	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	as	as	ADV	_	4 long	advmod
4	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	as	as	SCONJ	_	9 young	mark
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 cat	det
7	cat	cat	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 young	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 young	cop
9	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 long	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the cat					young property	tree rules

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, cats can be badly hurt falling from balconies

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	7 hurt	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 hurt	nsubj:pass
4	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 hurt	aux
5	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 hurt	aux:pass
6	badly	badly	ADV	Degree=Pos	7 hurt	advmod
7	hurt	hurt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
8	falling	fall	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 hurt	xcomp
9	from	from	ADP	_	10 balconies	case
10	balconies	balcony	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 falling	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hurt	can · passive		cats				badly property	tree rules
2	fall	gerund				balconies			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from balcony=Initial_Location

Option 4

Yes, cats are never hurt by falls, they always land safely

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	6 hurt	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 hurt	nsubj:pass
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 hurt	aux:pass
5	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	6 hurt	advmod
6	hurt	hurt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 falls	case
8	falls	fall	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 hurt	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 land	punct
10	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 land	nsubj
11	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	12 land	advmod
12	land	land	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 hurt	advcl
13	safely	safely	ADV	_	12 land	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not hurt	present · passive	falls	cats					vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer subject=Patient
2	land	present	cats = cat					always, safely property	vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/61-cats-and-dogs-up-close/t1/