Test 18 · ★★ · Birds, reptiles and choosing a pet

my cousin picked up a lizard by its tail and it fell off, he says that's normal so it's fine

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: cousin, he, that · What happens: pick up, fall off, say, be · To what, where: lizard · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 18 · ★★ of lesson 64 «Birds, reptiles and choosing a pet» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 cousin	nmod:poss
2	cousin	cousin	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 picked	nsubj
3	picked	pick	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	up	up	ADP	_	3 picked	compound:prt
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 lizard	det
6	lizard	lizard	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 picked	obj
7	by	by	ADP	_	9 tail	case
8	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 tail	nmod:poss
9	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 picked	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 fell	cc
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 fell	nsubj
12	fell	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 picked	conj
13	off	off	ADP	_	12 fell	compound:prt
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 says	punct
15	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	16 says	nsubj
16	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 picked	conj
17	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	19 normal	nsubj
18	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	19 normal	cop
19	normal	normal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 says	ccomp
20	so	so	ADV	_	23 fine	advmod
21	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 fine	expl
22	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 fine	cop
23	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 normal	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	pick up	participle	my cousin	a lizard	by cousin's tail	vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lizard=Topic
2	fall off	past	cousin			vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
3	say speech: assert	present	he			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
4	is	present	that		normal property	tree rules
5	is	present	that not said here		fine property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

He is right, tails grow back so it is fine, no harm done

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 grow	punct
5	tails	tail	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 grow	nsubj
6	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	parataxis
7	back	back	ADV	_	6 grow	advmod
8	so	so	ADV	_	11 fine	advmod
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 fine	expl
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 fine	cop
11	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 grow	advcl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 harm	punct
13	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	14 harm	det
14	harm	harm	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 right	parataxis
15	done	do	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	14 harm	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	He		right property	tree rules
2	grow back	present	tails			vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	is	present	tails not said here		fine property	tree rules
4	do	participle		no harm not said here		vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

He is right, lizards like it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 lizards	punct
5	lizards	lizard	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 right	obl
6	like	like	ADP	_	7 it	case
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 lizards	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	He					lizards like it obl; right property	tree rules

Option 3

He is right, if you are gentle

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 gentle	punct
5	if	if	SCONJ	_	8 gentle	mark
6	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	8 gentle	nsubj
7	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 gentle	cop
8	gentle	gentle	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 right	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	He					right property	tree rules
2	is a condition, not said to happen	present	you					gentle property	tree rules

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It is a defence, not fine; never hold a lizard by its tail

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 defence	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 defence	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 defence	det
4	defence	defence	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 fine	punct
6	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 fine	advmod
7	fine	fine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 defence	amod
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 hold	punct
9	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	10 hold	advmod
10	hold	hold	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	4 defence	parataxis
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 lizard	det
12	lizard	lizard	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 hold	obj
13	by	by	ADP	_	15 tail	case
14	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 tail	nmod:poss
15	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 hold	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	It	a defence					tree rules
2	not hold	infinitive		a lizard				by lizard's tail	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent lizard=Theme by tail=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/64-birds-reptiles-and-choosing-a-pet/t18/