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Test 9 · ★★ · Allergies, horses and farm animals

Cows run at a woman walking her dog on a lead. Why is letting go of the lead safer for her?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: Cows · What happens: run, walk, let · To what, where: dog, lead, go

This is test 9 · ★★ of lesson 67 «Allergies, horses and farm animals» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Cows run at a woman walking her dog on a lead.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cows	cow	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 run	nsubj
2	run	run	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	at	at	ADP	_	5 woman	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 woman	det
5	woman	woman	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 run	obl
6	walking	walk	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 run	advcl
7	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 dog	nmod:poss
8	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 walking	obj
9	on	on	ADP	_	11 lead	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 lead	det
11	lead	lead	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 walking	obl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 run	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run	present	Cows					at a woman	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at woman=Trajectory
2	walk	gerund	Cows not said here	woman's dog		a lead			vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent dog=Theme on lead=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why is letting go of the lead safer for her?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	3 letting	advmod
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 letting	aux
3	letting	let	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
4	go	go	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 letting	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 lead	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 lead	det
7	lead	lead	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 go	nmod
8	safer	safe	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	3 letting	xcomp
9	for	for	ADP	_	10 her	case
10	her	she	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 safer	obl
11	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 letting	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	let	present · progressive		go of the lead				safe property	vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent go=Theme

The options

Option 1

Dogs scare cows away by barking

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 scare	nsubj
2	scare	scare	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	cows	cow	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 scare	obj
4	away	away	ADV	_	2 scare	advmod
5	by	by	SCONJ	_	6 barking	mark
6	barking	bark	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 scare	advcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	scare away	present	Dogs	cows				away property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus cow=Experiencer
2	bark	gerund	Dogs not said here						vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Letting go of the lead makes the cows lie down

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Letting	let	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 makes	csubj
2	go	go	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Letting	xcomp
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 lead	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 lead	det
5	lead	lead	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 go	obl
6	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 cows	det
8	cows	cow	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 lie	nsubj
9	lie	lie	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 makes	xcomp
10	down	down	ADV	_	9 lie	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	let	gerund							tree rules
2	go	infinitive						of the lead	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme of lead=Initial_Location
3	make	present	Letting						tree rules
4	lie down	present	the cows					down property	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 3

The cows will always stop running if they see a lead

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cows	det
2	cows	cow	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 stop	nsubj
3	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 stop	aux
4	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	5 stop	advmod
5	stop	stop	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	running	run	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 stop	xcomp
7	if	if	SCONJ	_	9 see	mark
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 see	nsubj
9	see	see	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 stop	advcl
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 lead	det
11	lead	lead	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 see	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stop	future	the cows					always property	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality
2	run	gerund	the cows not said here						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	see a condition, not said to happen	present	cows = cow	a lead					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer lead=Stimulus

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The cows want the dog, and the dog can outrun them

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 cows	det
2	cows	cow	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 want	nsubj
3	want	want	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 dog	det
5	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 want	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 outrun	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 outrun	cc
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 dog	det
9	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 outrun	nsubj
10	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 outrun	aux
11	outrun	outrun	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 want	conj
12	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 outrun	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	want	present	the cows	the dog					vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot dog=Theme
2	outrun	can	the dog	cows = cow					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/67-allergies-horses-and-farm-animals/t9/