Exam question 3 · Brushing your teeth

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the origin of dental caries.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, origin

This is exam question 3 of lesson 73 «Brushing your teeth» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 origin	det
11	origin	origin	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 caries	case
13	dental	dental	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 caries	amod
14	caries	cary	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 origin	nmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the origin of dental caries		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus origin=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Brushing too often wears holes in the teeth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Brushing	brush	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 wears	csubj
2	too	too	ADV	_	1 Brushing	advmod
3	often	often	ADV	_	4 wears	advmod
4	wears	wear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	holes	hole	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 wears	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 teeth	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 teeth	det
8	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 wears	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	brush	gerund							vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	wear	present	Brushing	holes		the teeth		often property	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent hole=Source

Option 2

Teeth wear thin of their own accord with advancing age

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 wear	nsubj
2	wear	wear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 wear	xcomp
4	of	of	ADP	_	7 accord	case
5	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 accord	nmod:poss
6	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 accord	amod
7	accord	accord	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 thin	obl
8	with	with	ADP	_	10 age	case
9	advancing	advancing	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 age	compound
10	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 accord	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	wear	present	Teeth					thin property	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Germs feeding on food form plaque, which produces acid

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Germs	germ	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 form	nsubj
2	feeding	feed	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Germs	acl
3	on	on	ADP	_	4 food	case
4	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 feeding	obl
5	form	form	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	plaque	plaque	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 form	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 produces	punct
8	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	9 produces	nsubj
9	produces	produce	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 plaque	acl:relcl
10	acid	acid	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 produces	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	feed	gerund	Germs not said here		on food	vn gorge-39.6 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Agent on food=Patient
2	form	present	Germs	plaque		vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location plaque=Theme
3	produce	present	plaque	acid		vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent acid=Result

Option 4

Cold drinks crack the enamel and so form holes

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 drinks	amod
2	drinks	drink	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 crack	nsubj
3	crack	crack	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 enamel	det
5	enamel	enamel	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 crack	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 holes	cc
7	so	so	ADV	_	9 holes	advmod
8	form	form	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 holes	compound
9	holes	hole	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 enamel	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	crack	present	Cold drinks	the enamel and form holes					vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location enamel=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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