Exam question 2 · Washing your body and caring for your hair

Which of the following most accurately characterises head lice?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: head lice

This is exam question 2 of lesson 76 «Washing your body and caring for your hair» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 following	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 following	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 following	det
4	following	follow	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
5	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	6 accurately	advmod
6	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	7 characterises	advmod
7	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 following	advcl
8	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 lice	compound
9	lice	louse	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 characterises	obj
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 following	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		head lice				accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

They appear only on persons who never wash

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 appear	nsubj
2	appear	appear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 persons	advmod
4	on	on	ADP	_	5 persons	case
5	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 appear	obl
6	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 wash	nsubj
7	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	8 wash	advmod
8	wash	wash	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 persons	acl:relcl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	appear	present	They					on persons	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on person=Location
2	not wash	present	persons						vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 2

They are caused by eating too many sweets

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 caused	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 caused	aux:pass
3	caused	cause	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	SCONJ	_	5 eating	mark
5	eating	eat	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 caused	advcl
6	too	too	ADV	_	7 many	advmod
7	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 sweets	amod
8	sweets	sweet	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 eating	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cause	present · passive		They					vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	eat	gerund		many sweets					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sweet=Patient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They spread from head to head and are not a sign of being dirty

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 spread	nsubj
2	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	4 head	case
4	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spread	obl
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 head	case
6	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spread	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 sign	cc
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 sign	cop
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 sign	advmod
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 sign	det
11	sign	sign	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spread	conj
12	of	of	SCONJ	_	14 dirty	mark
13	being	be	AUX	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 dirty	cop
14	dirty	dirty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 sign	acl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	spread	present	They		head	to head	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	not is a	present	They not said here	a sign			tree rules
3	is	gerund	a sign not said here			dirty property	tree rules

Option 4

They are present only in the hair of adults

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 present	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 present	cop
3	present	present	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	7 hair	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 hair	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 hair	det
7	hair	hair	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 present	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 adults	case
9	adults	adult	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 hair	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	They			the hair of adults		present property	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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