Exam question 2 · Doctors, cuts and grazes

Identify the principal reason for which the removal of a scab by the patient is discouraged.

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, removal · What happens: identify, be, remove · To what, where: principal reason, scab

This is exam question 2 of lesson 83 «Doctors, cuts and grazes» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 reason	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	amod
4	reason	reason	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	for	for	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	16 discouraged	obl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 removal	det
8	removal	removal	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 discouraged	nsubj
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 scab	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 scab	det
11	scab	scab	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 removal	nmod
12	by	by	ADP	_	14 patient	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 patient	det
14	patient	patient	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 scab	nmod
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	16 discouraged	cop
16	discouraged	discouraged	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 reason	acl:relcl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal reason		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme
2	is	present	the removal of a scab by the patient		for the principal reason; discouraged property	tree rules
3	remove			a scab by the patient		nom removal «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The scab is toxic upon contact and may poison the fingers which touch it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 scab	det
2	scab	scab	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 toxic	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 toxic	cop
4	toxic	toxic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	6 contact	case
6	contact	contact	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 toxic	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 poison	cc
8	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 poison	aux
9	poison	poison	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 toxic	conj
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 fingers	det
11	fingers	finger	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 poison	obj
12	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	13 touch	nsubj
13	touch	touch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 fingers	acl:relcl
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 touch	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	present	the scab		upon contact; toxic property	tree rules
2	poison	may	the scab not said here	the fingers		vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent finger=Patient
3	touch	present	the fingers	scab		vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme

Option 2

The scab, once removed, regrows to a size greater than the original wound

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 scab	det
2	scab	scab	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 regrows	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 removed	punct
4	once	once	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Mult	5 removed	advmod
5	removed	remove	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 scab	acl:relcl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 scab	punct
7	regrows	regrow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	to	to	ADP	_	10 size	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 size	det
10	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 regrows	obl
11	greater	great	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	7 regrows	xcomp
12	than	than	ADP	_	15 wound	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 wound	det
14	original	original	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 wound	amod
15	wound	wound	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 greater	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	remove	participle		the scab not said here				once property	vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	regrow	present	the scab					to a size; great property	tree rules

Option 3

The scab contains the stitches which a physician has inserted beneath the skin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 scab	det
2	scab	scab	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 contains	nsubj
3	contains	contain	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 stitches	det
5	stitches	stitch	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 contains	obj
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 inserted	obj
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 physician	det
8	physician	physician	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 inserted	nsubj:pass
9	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 inserted	aux
10	inserted	insert	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 stitches	acl:relcl
11	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	13 skin	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 skin	det
13	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 inserted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	contain	present	the scab	the stitches					vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot stitch=Theme
2	insert	present · perfect · passive		a physician				beneath the skin	vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP ADVP»: subject=Theme which=Destination

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The scab protects the new skin beneath it, and its removal may occasion scarring

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 scab	det
2	scab	scab	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 protects	nsubj
3	protects	protect	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 skin	det
5	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 skin	amod
6	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 protects	obj
7	beneath	beneath	ADP	_	8 it	case
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 protects	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 occasion	punct
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 occasion	cc
11	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 removal	nmod:poss
12	removal	removal	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 occasion	nsubj
13	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	14 occasion	aux
14	occasion	occasion	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 protects	conj
15	scarring	scarring	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 occasion	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	protect	present	the scab	the new skin	beneath skin	vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Beneficiary
2	occasion	may	skin's removal	scarring		tree rules
3	remove		skin			nom removal «act transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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