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Test 1 · ★ · Facing fears

A boy in Leeds walks past a growling dog at a gate. Why should he not run?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: boy · What happens: walk, not run · To what, where: gate

This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 90 «Facing fears» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A boy in Leeds walks past a growling dog at a gate.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 boy	det
2	boy	boy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 walks	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Leeds	case
4	Leeds	Leeds	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 boy	nmod
5	walks	walk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	past	past	ADP	_	9 dog	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 dog	det
8	growling	growling	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 dog	compound
9	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 walks	obl
10	at	at	ADP	_	12 gate	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 gate	det
12	gate	gate	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 walks	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 walks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	walk	present	a boy in Leeds			a gate		past a growling dog	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme past dog=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why should he not run?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 run	advmod
2	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 run	aux
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 run	nsubj
4	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 run	advmod
5	run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 run	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not run	should	boy						vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1

Running makes the dog bark louder

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Running	run	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 makes	nsubj
2	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 bark	det
4	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 bark	compound
5	bark	bark	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 makes	obj
6	louder	loud	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 makes	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run	gerund							vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	make	present		the dog bark				loud property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset bark=Product

Option 2

He would get too tired to run home

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 get	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 get	aux
3	get	get	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	too	too	ADV	_	5 tired	advmod
5	tired	tired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 get	xcomp
6	to	to	PART	_	7 run	mark
7	run	run	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 tired	xcomp
8	home	home	ADV	_	7 run	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	get	would	He					tired property	vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
2	run	to-infinitive	He not said here					home property	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Running can make a dog chase him

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Running	run	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 make	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 make	aux
3	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 dog	det
5	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 make	obj
6	chase	chase	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 make	xcomp
7	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 chase	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	run	gerund							vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	make	can		a dog					tree rules
3	chase	infinitive	a dog not said here	dog					vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme

Option 4

Dogs only chase children dressed in red

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 chase	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 chase	advmod
3	chase	chase	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	children	child	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 chase	obj
5	dressed	dress	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 chase	xcomp
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 red	case
7	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 dressed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	chase	present	Dogs	children					tree rules
2	dress	participle	Dogs not said here			red			vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/90-facing-fears/t1/