Test 2 · Silent letters: why French doesn't say everything it writes Oliver goes, "why's she spelling careful with capitals, our kid?" ("Our kid" means my brother.) What is CaReFuL for?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Oliver, kid · What happens: go, mean, be · To what, where: brother
This is test 2 of lesson 1 «Silent letters: why French doesn't say everything it writes» of the French course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Oliver goes, "why's she spelling careful with capitals, our kid?"
nsubj punct punct advmod aux nsubj obl:unmarked parataxis case obl punct nmod:poss conj punct punct root Oliver PROPN goes VERB , PUNCT " PUNCT why ADV 's AUX she PRON spelling NOUN careful ADJ with ADP capitals NOUN , PUNCT our PRON kid NOUN ? PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Oliver Oliver PROPN Number=Sing 2 goes nsubj 2 goes go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 goes punct 4 " " PUNCT _ 9 careful punct 5 why why ADV PronType=Int 9 careful advmod 6 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 careful aux 7 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 careful nsubj 8 spelling spelling NOUN Number=Sing 9 careful obl:unmarked 9 careful careful ADJ Degree=Pos 2 goes parataxis 10 with with ADP _ 11 capitals case 11 capitals capital NOUN Number=Plur 9 careful obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 kid punct 13 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 kid nmod:poss 14 kid kid NOUN Number=Sing 11 capitals conj 15 ? ? PUNCT _ 9 careful punct 16 " " PUNCT _ 2 goes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go present Oliver vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: ("Our kid" means my brother.)
punct punct nmod:poss nsubj punct nmod:poss obj punct punct root ( PUNCT " PUNCT Our PRON kid NOUN " PUNCT means VERB my PRON brother NOUN . PUNCT ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 6 means punct 2 " " PUNCT _ 4 kid punct 3 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 kid nmod:poss 4 kid kid NOUN Number=Sing 6 means nsubj 5 " " PUNCT _ 4 kid punct 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 brother nmod:poss 8 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 6 means obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct 10 ) ) PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Our kid my brother vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brother=Topic
Sentence 3: What is CaReFuL for?
nsubj cop obl punct root What PRON is AUX CaReFuL ADJ for ADP ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 3 CaReFuL nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 CaReFuL cop 3 CaReFuL careful ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 for for ADP _ 3 CaReFuL obl 5 ? ? PUNCT _ 3 CaReFuL punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present careful property tree rules
The options Option 1 · ← Mova's choice Remembering which letters need capitals in French
amod det nsubj obj case nmod root Remembering VERB which DET letters NOUN need VERB capitals NOUN in ADP French PROPN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Remembering remember VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 letters amod 2 which which DET PronType=Int 3 letters det 3 letters letter NOUN Number=Plur 4 need nsubj 4 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 capitals capital NOUN Number=Plur 4 need obj 6 in in ADP _ 7 French case 7 French French PROPN Number=Sing 5 capitals nmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 remember gerund vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent 2 need present which Remembering letters capitals French vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot capital=Theme
Option 2 Practising handwriting before the French test
obj case det amod obl root Practising VERB handwriting NOUN before ADP the DET French ADJ test NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Practising practise VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 handwriting handwriting NOUN Number=Sing 1 Practising obj 3 before before ADP _ 6 test case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 test det 5 French French ADJ Degree=Pos 6 test amod 6 test test NOUN Number=Sing 1 Practising obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 practise gerund handwriting before the French test tree rules
Option 3 Showing that "careful" is the same word in French
csubj mark punct ccomp punct cop det amod case nmod root Showing VERB that SCONJ " PUNCT careful ADJ " PUNCT is AUX the DET same ADJ word NOUN in ADP French PROPN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Showing show VERB VerbForm=Ger 9 word csubj 2 that that SCONJ _ 4 careful mark 3 " " PUNCT _ 4 careful punct 4 careful careful ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Showing ccomp 5 " " PUNCT _ 4 careful punct 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 word cop 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 word det 8 same same ADJ Degree=Pos 9 word amod 9 word word NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 in in ADP _ 11 French case 11 French French PROPN Number=Sing 9 word nmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show gerund vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a present Showing the same word French tree rules
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer Remembering that final c, r, f, l are usually said
csubj:pass det amod obj punct conj punct conj punct conj aux:pass advmod root Remembering VERB that DET final ADJ c NOUN , PUNCT r NOUN , PUNCT f NOUN , PUNCT l NOUN are AUX usually ADV said VERB The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Remembering remember VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 13 said csubj:pass 2 that that DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 4 c det 3 final final ADJ Degree=Pos 4 c amod 4 c c NOUN Number=Sing 1 Remembering obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 r punct 6 r r NOUN Number=Sing 4 c conj 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 f punct 8 f f NOUN Number=Sing 6 r conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 l punct 10 l l NOUN Number=Sing 6 r conj 11 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 13 said aux:pass 12 usually usually ADV _ 13 said advmod 13 said say VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 remember gerund that final c and r and f and l vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent c=Theme 2 say speech: assert present · passive Remembering usually property vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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