Test 4 · ★ · Accents: é, è, ê, ç and friends Max says leaving off the cédille is "heaps unfair, it's just a squiggle." ("Heaps" means very.) What happens without it?
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Max, heaps, cédille · What happens: say, leave off, be, mean, happen · To what, where: cédille, squiggle · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 3 «Accents: é, è, ê, ç and friends» of the French course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school .
The question Sentence 1: Max says leaving off the cédille is "heaps unfair, it's just a squiggle."
nsubj csubj compound:prt det obj cop punct nsubj ccomp punct nsubj cop advmod det conj punct punct root Max PROPN says VERB leaving VERB off ADP the DET cédille NOUN is AUX " PUNCT heaps NOUN unfair ADJ , PUNCT it PRON 's AUX just ADV a DET squiggle NOUN . PUNCT " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Max Max PROPN Number=Sing 2 says nsubj 2 says say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 leaving leave VERB VerbForm=Ger 10 unfair csubj 4 off off ADP _ 3 leaving compound:prt 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 cédille det 6 cédille cédille NOUN Number=Sing 3 leaving obj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 unfair cop 8 " " PUNCT _ 10 unfair punct 9 heaps heap NOUN Number=Plur 10 unfair nsubj 10 unfair unfair ADJ Degree=Pos 2 says ccomp 11 , , PUNCT _ 16 squiggle punct 12 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 16 squiggle nsubj 13 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 squiggle cop 14 just just ADV _ 16 squiggle advmod 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 squiggle det 16 squiggle squiggle NOUN Number=Sing 10 unfair conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 10 unfair punct 18 " " PUNCT _ 10 unfair punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present Max vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 leave off gerund the cédille vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cédille=Theme 3 is in a quote present heaps unfair property tree rules 4 is a in a quote present cédille a squiggle tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: ("Heaps" means very.)
punct punct nsubj punct advmod punct punct root ( PUNCT " PUNCT Heaps NOUN " PUNCT means VERB very ADV . PUNCT ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 means punct 2 " " PUNCT _ 3 Heaps punct 3 Heaps heap NOUN Number=Plur 5 means nsubj 4 " " PUNCT _ 3 Heaps punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 very very ADV _ 5 means advmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct 8 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Heaps vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent
Sentence 3: What happens without it?
nsubj case obl punct root What PRON happens VERB without ADP it PRON ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int 2 happens nsubj 2 happens happen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 without without ADP _ 4 it case 4 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 happens obl 5 ? ? PUNCT _ 2 happens punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 happen present without cédille vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
The options Option 1 · ← Mova's choice The word changes into the word for girl
det nsubj case det obl case nmod root The DET word NOUN changes VERB into ADP the DET word NOUN for ADP girl NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 word det 2 word word NOUN Number=Sing 3 changes nsubj 3 changes change VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 into into ADP _ 6 word case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 word det 6 word word NOUN Number=Sing 3 changes obl 7 for for ADP _ 8 girl case 8 girl girl NOUN Number=Sing 6 word nmod
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 change present the word into the word for girl result vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.result»: agent=Patient into word=Result
Option 2 Nothing changes, it is just a little squiggle
nsubj punct nsubj cop advmod det amod obl root Nothing PRON changes VERB , PUNCT it PRON is AUX just ADV a DET little ADJ squiggle NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 2 changes nsubj 2 changes change VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 9 squiggle punct 4 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 squiggle nsubj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 squiggle cop 6 just just ADV _ 9 squiggle advmod 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 squiggle det 8 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 9 squiggle amod 9 squiggle squiggle NOUN Number=Sing 2 changes obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 change present Nothing vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a present it a little squiggle tree rules
Option 3 · ✓ the right answer The c turns hard, so it sounds like "gar-KON"
det nsubj advmod punct advmod nsubj conj case punct compound punct obl punct root The DET c NOUN turns VERB hard ADV , PUNCT so ADV it PRON sounds VERB like ADP " PUNCT gar NOUN - PUNCT KON NOUN " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 c det 2 c c NOUN Number=Sing 3 turns nsubj 3 turns turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 hard hard ADV Degree=Pos 3 turns advmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 sounds punct 6 so so ADV _ 8 sounds advmod 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 sounds nsubj 8 sounds sound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 turns conj 9 like like ADP _ 13 KON case 10 " " PUNCT _ 13 KON punct 11 gar gar NOUN Number=Sing 13 KON compound 12 - - PUNCT _ 13 KON punct 13 KON kon NOUN Number=Sing 8 sounds obl 14 " " PUNCT _ 13 KON punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn present the c hard property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme 2 sound present c like gar KON vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
Option 4 The c becomes silent, so it sounds like "gar-ON"
det nsubj xcomp punct advmod nsubj conj case punct obl punct appos punct root The DET c NOUN becomes VERB silent ADJ , PUNCT so ADV it PRON sounds VERB like ADP " PUNCT gar NOUN - PUNCT ON PROPN " PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 c det 2 c c NOUN Number=Sing 3 becomes nsubj 3 becomes become VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 silent silent ADJ Degree=Pos 3 becomes xcomp 5 , , PUNCT _ 8 sounds punct 6 so so ADV _ 8 sounds advmod 7 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 sounds nsubj 8 sounds sound VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 becomes conj 9 like like ADP _ 11 gar case 10 " " PUNCT _ 11 gar punct 11 gar gar NOUN Number=Sing 8 sounds obl 12 - - PUNCT _ 13 ON punct 13 ON ON PROPN Number=Sing 11 gar appos 14 " " PUNCT _ 13 ON punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 become present the c silent property vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient 2 sound present c like gar vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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