Test 8 · ★ · English words that came from French
★★★ A French bus driver, a taxi driver and a posh limousine driver - which of them can be called chauffeur in French?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · What happens: call · To what, where: taxi driver, French · Speech: someone speaks here
This is test 8 · ★ of lesson 36 «English words that came from French» of the French course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ★ | ★ | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | ★ | ★ | X | Foreign=Yes | 1 ★ | dep |
| 3 | ★ | ★ | ADP | _ | 7 driver | case |
| 4 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 driver | det |
| 5 | French | French | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 driver | amod |
| 6 | bus | bus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 driver | compound |
| 7 | driver | driver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 ★ | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 driver | punct |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 driver | det |
| 10 | taxi | taxi | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 driver | compound |
| 11 | driver | driver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 driver | conj |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 driver | cc |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 driver | det |
| 14 | posh | posh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 driver | amod |
| 15 | limousine | limousine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 driver | compound |
| 16 | driver | driver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 driver | conj |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 called | punct |
| 18 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 23 called | obj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 them | case |
| 20 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 which | obl |
| 21 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 called | aux |
| 22 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 23 called | aux:pass |
| 23 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 driver | acl |
| 24 | chauffeur | chauffeur | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 called | xcomp |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 French | case |
| 26 | French | French | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 called | obl |
| 27 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 1 ★ | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | can · passive | a taxi driver and a posh limousine driver | French | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: which=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
None of them
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | None | none | PRON | PronType=Neg | root | root |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 3 them | case |
| 3 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 1 None | nmod |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice
Only the limousine driver
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 4 driver | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 driver | det |
| 3 | limousine | limousine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 driver | compound |
| 4 | driver | driver | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 3
Only the taxi driver
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 4 driver | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 driver | det |
| 3 | taxi | taxi | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 driver | compound |
| 4 | driver | driver | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
All three
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | All | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 2 three | det |
| 2 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | root | root |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/french/36-english-words-that-came-from-french/t8/