Exam question 1 · Numbers 21 to 69

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the formation of the numbers twenty-one, thirty-one and forty-one?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: formation

This is exam question 1 of lesson 7 «Numbers 21 to 69» of the French course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 formation	det
10	formation	formation	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 numbers	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 numbers	det
13	numbers	number	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 formation	nmod
14	twenty	twenty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	16 one	compound
15	-	-	PUNCT	_	14 twenty	punct
16	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	13 numbers	nmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 thirty	punct
18	thirty	thirty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	16 one	conj
19	-	-	PUNCT	_	20 one	punct
20	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	18 thirty	conj
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 one	cc
22	forty	forty	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	24 one	compound
23	-	-	PUNCT	_	22 forty	punct
24	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	20 one	conj
25	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the formation of the numbers twenty one				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Each is formed by the conjunction et preceding un

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	3 formed	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 formed	aux:pass
3	formed	form	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 conjunction	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 conjunction	det
6	conjunction	conjunction	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 formed	obl
7	et	et	CCONJ	_	8 preceding	cc
8	preceding	precede	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 conjunction	conj
9	un	un	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 preceding	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	form	present · passive	the conjunction	Each					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location subject=Theme
2	precede	gerund	the conjunction not said here	un					vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme un=Co-Theme

Option 2

Each is formed by a hyphen alone, without any conjunction

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	3 formed	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 formed	aux:pass
3	formed	form	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 hyphen	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 hyphen	det
6	hyphen	hyphen	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 formed	obl
7	alone	alone	ADV	_	3 formed	advmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 conjunction	punct
9	without	without	ADP	_	11 conjunction	case
10	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	11 conjunction	det
11	conjunction	conjunction	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 formed	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	form	present · passive	a hyphen	Each				alone property	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location subject=Theme

Option 3

Each possesses a distinct single word

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 possesses	nsubj
2	possesses	possess	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 word	det
4	distinct	distinct	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 word	amod
5	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 word	amod
6	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 possesses	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	possess	present	Each	a distinct single word					vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot word=Theme

Option 4

Each is formed by placing the unit before the ten

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	3 formed	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 formed	aux:pass
3	formed	form	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	SCONJ	_	5 placing	mark
5	placing	place	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 formed	advcl
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 unit	det
7	unit	unit	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 placing	obj
8	before	before	ADP	_	10 ten	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 ten	det
10	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 placing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	form	present · passive		Each					vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme
2	place	gerund		the unit		the ten			vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent unit=Theme before ten=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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