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Test 4 · ★ · The Middle East and Central Asia

In Europa Universalis 5 Constantinople in 1337 is Byzantine. What happened to it later?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · What happens: be, happen · To what, where: Constantinople Byzantine, it

This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 12 «The Middle East and Central Asia» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: In Europa Universalis 5 Constantinople in 1337 is Byzantine.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 Europa	case
2	Europa	Europa	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 Constantinople	compound
3	Universalis	Universalis	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Europa	flat
4	5	5	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 Europa	flat
5	Constantinople	Constantinople	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 Byzantine	compound
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 1337	case
7	1337	1337	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	5 Constantinople	nmod
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 Byzantine	cop
9	Byzantine	Byzantine	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 Byzantine	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		Constantinople Byzantine					tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What happened to it later?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	2 happened	nsubj
2	happened	happen	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	4 it	case
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 happened	obl
5	later	late	ADV	Degree=Cmp	2 happened	advmod
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	2 happened	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	happen	past			it			late property	vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It stayed Byzantine until 1923

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 stayed	nsubj
2	stayed	stay	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Byzantine	byzantine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 stayed	xcomp
4	until	until	ADP	_	5 1923	case
5	1923	1923	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	2 stayed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	stay	past	It				until 1923	byzantine property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

The Ottomans conquered it in 1453, and it is now Istanbul in Turkey

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Ottomans	det
2	Ottomans	Ottoman	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 conquered	nsubj
3	conquered	conquer	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 conquered	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 1453	case
6	1453	1453	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 conquered	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 Istanbul	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 Istanbul	cc
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 Istanbul	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 Istanbul	cop
11	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	12 Istanbul	advmod
12	Istanbul	Istanbul	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 conquered	obl
13	in	in	ADP	_	14 Turkey	case
14	Turkey	Turkey	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Istanbul	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	conquer	past	the Ottomans	it		1453			vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient
2	is a	present	it	Istanbul		Turkey	now		tree rules

Option 3

It was destroyed by an earthquake and never rebuilt

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 destroyed	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 destroyed	aux:pass
3	destroyed	destroy	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	6 earthquake	case
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 earthquake	det
6	earthquake	earthquake	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 destroyed	obl
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 rebuilt	cc
8	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	9 rebuilt	advmod
9	rebuilt	rebuild	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 destroyed	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	destroy	past · passive	a earthquake	It					vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
2	not rebuild	participle	a earthquake not said here						vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

It was taken apart and moved stone by stone to Ankara by the sultans

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 taken	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 taken	aux:pass
3	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	apart	apart	ADV	_	3 taken	advmod
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 moved	cc
6	moved	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 taken	conj
7	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 moved	obj
8	by	by	ADP	_	9 stone	case
9	stone	stone	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 moved	obl
10	to	to	ADP	_	11 Ankara	case
11	Ankara	Ankara	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 moved	obl
12	by	by	ADP	_	14 sultans	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 sultans	det
14	sultans	sultan	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 moved	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take apart	past · passive		It				apart property	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	move	past		stone		Ankara		by stone; by the sultans	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.agent V NP.theme PP.source PP.trajectory PP.destination»: agent=Agent stone=Theme by stone=Source to ankara=Trajectory by sultan=Destination

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/12-middle-east-and-central-asia/t4/