Test 10 · ★ · Mountains and highlands

«my mate climbed everest without trouble breathing lol» What is most likely true?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: mate · What happens: climb, breathe, be · To what, where: everest · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 · ★ of lesson 17 «Mountains and highlands» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	4 climbed	punct
2	my	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 mate	nmod:poss
3	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 climbed	nsubj
4	climbed	climb	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	15 true	csubj
5	everest	everest	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 climbed	obj
6	without	without	ADP	_	7 trouble	case
7	trouble	trouble	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 climbed	obl
8	breathing	breathe	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	4 climbed	advcl
9	lol	lol	INTJ	_	8 breathing	discourse
10	»	»	PUNCT	_	4 climbed	punct
11	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	15 true	nsubj
12	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 true	cop
13	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	14 likely	advmod
14	likely	likely	ADV	_	15 true	advmod
15	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
16	?	?	PUNCT	_	15 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	climb in a quote	past	my mate	everest	without trouble	vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location everest=Theme
2	breathe in a quote	gerund	my mate not said here			vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	is	present			likely, true property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Breathing is easier at the top

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Breathing	breathing	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 easier	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 easier	cop
3	easier	easy	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	6 top	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 top	det
6	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 easier	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Breathing			the top		easy property	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The air on top holds only about a third of the oxygen, so breathing is very hard

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 air	det
2	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 holds	nsubj
3	on	on	ADP	_	4 top	case
4	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 air	nmod
5	holds	hold	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	only	only	ADV	_	9 third	advmod
7	about	about	ADV	_	9 third	advmod
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 third	det
9	third	third	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 holds	obj
10	of	of	ADP	_	12 oxygen	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 oxygen	det
12	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 third	nmod
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 hard	punct
14	so	so	ADV	_	18 hard	advmod
15	breathing	breathing	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 hard	nsubj
16	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 hard	cop
17	very	very	ADV	_	18 hard	advmod
18	hard	hard	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 holds	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hold	present	the air on top	a third of the oxygen					vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent third=Theme
2	is	present	breathing					hard property	tree rules

Option 3

The air is the same as at sea level

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 air	det
2	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 same	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 same	cop
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 same	det
5	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	as	as	ADP	_	9 level	case
7	at	at	ADP	_	9 level	case
8	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 level	compound
9	level	level	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 same	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	the air					as sea level; same property	tree rules

Option 4

There is more oxygen at the summit, because the air there is cleaner and fresher

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 is	expl
2	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	4 oxygen	amod
4	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 is	nsubj
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 summit	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 summit	det
7	summit	summit	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 oxygen	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 cleaner	punct
9	because	because	SCONJ	_	13 is	mark
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 air	det
11	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 is	nsubj
12	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	13 is	expl
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 cleaner	cop
14	cleaner	clean	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	2 is	parataxis
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 fresher	cc
16	fresher	fresh	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	14 cleaner	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	where	other	roles by
1	be	present	more oxygen at the summit	there		vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is	present			clean property	tree rules
3	be					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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