Test 11 · ★ · Directions, latitude and longitude

How could Portuguese captains know how far south they had sailed along Africa?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Portuguese captains, captains · What happens: know, sail · To what, where: Africa

This is test 11 · ★ of lesson 2 «Directions, latitude and longitude» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	5 know	advmod
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 know	aux
3	Portuguese	portuguese	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 captains	amod
4	captains	captain	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 know	nsubj
5	know	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 sailed	advcl
6	how	how	ADV	PronType=Int	7 far	advmod
7	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	8 south	advmod
8	south	south	ADV	_	5 know	advmod
9	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 sailed	nsubj
10	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 sailed	aux
11	sailed	sail	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
12	along	along	ADP	_	13 Africa	case
13	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 sailed	obl
14	?	?	PUNCT	_	11 sailed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	know	could	Portuguese captains					south property	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
2	sail	past · perfect	captains = captain			Africa			vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent along africa=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

From the height of the Pole Star, sinking lower each night

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	From	from	ADP	_	3 height	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 height	det
3	height	height	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	7 Star	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Star	det
6	Pole	Pole	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 Star	compound
7	Star	Star	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 height	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 sinking	punct
9	sinking	sink	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 height	parataxis
10	lower	low	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	9 sinking	xcomp
11	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	12 night	det
12	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 sinking	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sink	gerund					night	low property	vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 2

From the colour of the sea water

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	From	from	ADP	_	3 colour	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 colour	det
3	colour	colour	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	7 water	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 water	det
6	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 water	compound
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 colour	nmod

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Option 3

By counting the days only

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	SCONJ	_	2 counting	mark
2	counting	count	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 days	det
4	days	day	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 counting	obj
5	only	only	ADV	_	2 counting	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	count	gerund					day		vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus

Option 4

By the length of the coast already drawn on their charts at home

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	ADP	_	3 length	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 length	det
3	length	length	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 drawn	obl
4	of	of	ADP	_	6 coast	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 coast	det
6	coast	coast	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 length	nmod
7	already	already	ADV	_	8 drawn	advmod
8	drawn	draw	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
9	on	on	ADP	_	11 charts	case
10	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 charts	nmod:poss
11	charts	chart	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 drawn	obl
12	at	at	ADP	_	13 home	case
13	home	home	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 charts	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	draw	participle				their charts at home		by the length of the coast	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on chart=Destination
2	chart		their = they			home			nom chart «communication transitive»: poss=agent at=place

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/2-directions-latitude-and-longitude/t11/