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Test 10 · ★★ · Resources and what countries trade

Chocolate costs a lot, but the cocoa farmer is poor. How can that be?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: Chocolate, cocoa farmer, that · What happens: cost, be · To what, where: lot

This is test 10 · ★★ of lesson 27 «Resources and what countries trade» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Chocolate costs a lot, but the cocoa farmer is poor.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 costs	nsubj
2	costs	cost	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 lot	det
4	lot	lot	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 costs	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 poor	punct
6	but	but	CCONJ	_	11 poor	cc
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 farmer	det
8	cocoa	cocoa	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 farmer	compound
9	farmer	farmer	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 poor	nsubj
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 poor	cop
11	poor	poor	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 costs	advcl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 costs	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cost	present	Chocolate	a lot					vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme lot=Value
2	is	present	the cocoa farmer					poor property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: How can that be?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	How	how	ADV	PronType=Int	4 be	advmod
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 be	aux
3	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 be	nsubj
4	be	be	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 be	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	can	can	that						vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

The options

Option 1

Farmers are paid only in chocolate

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 paid	nsubj:pass
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 paid	aux:pass
3	paid	pay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	only	only	ADV	_	6 chocolate	advmod
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 chocolate	case
6	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 paid	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pay	present · passive		Farmers		chocolate			vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Asset

Option 2

Chocolate is made without cocoa now

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 made	aux:pass
3	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	without	without	ADP	_	5 cocoa	case
5	cocoa	cocoa	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 made	obl
6	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	3 made	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	present · passive		Chocolate			now	without cocoa	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Option 3

Cocoa farmers refuse to sell their cocoa

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cocoa	cocoa	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 farmers	compound
2	farmers	farmer	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 refuse	nsubj
3	refuse	refuse	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	PART	_	5 sell	mark
5	sell	sell	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 refuse	xcomp
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 cocoa	nmod:poss
7	cocoa	cocoa	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sell	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	refuse	present	Cocoa farmers						vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	not sell	to-infinitive	Cocoa farmers not said here	farmers's cocoa					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cocoa=Theme

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Most of the price goes to traders, factories, brands and shops

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 goes	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	4 price	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 price	det
4	price	price	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Most	nmod
5	goes	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	to	to	ADP	_	7 traders	case
7	traders	trader	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 goes	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 factories	punct
9	factories	factory	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 traders	conj
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 brands	punct
11	brands	brand	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 traders	conj
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 shops	cc
13	shops	shop	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 traders	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	present	Most of the price			traders and factories and brands and shops			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to trader=Initial_Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/27-resources-and-what-countries-trade/t10/