Test 8 · The Silk Road

A teacher says Marco Polo's book is exact in every detail. Is that right?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: teacher, book, that · What happens: say, be · To what, where: detail · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 8 of lesson 28 «The Silk Road» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A teacher says Marco Polo's book is exact in every detail.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 teacher	det
2	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	Marco	Marco	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 book	nmod:poss
5	Polo	Polo	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 Marco	flat
6	's	's	PART	_	4 Marco	case
7	book	book	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 exact	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 exact	cop
9	exact	exact	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 says	ccomp
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 detail	case
11	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	12 detail	det
12	detail	detail	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 exact	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	a teacher						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	Marco's book			every detail		exact property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Is that right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
2	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	3 right	nsubj
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	that					right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

No, the book was written in 1877

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 written	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 book	det
4	book	book	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 written	nsubj:pass
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 written	aux:pass
6	written	write	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 1877	case
8	1877	1877	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 written	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	past · passive		the book		1877			vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in 1877=Destination

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

No, some details are doubted, though it was very influential

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	6 doubted	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	4 details	det
4	details	detail	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 doubted	nsubj:pass
5	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 doubted	aux:pass
6	doubted	doubt	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 influential	punct
8	though	though	SCONJ	_	12 influential	mark
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 influential	nsubj
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 influential	cop
11	very	very	ADV	_	12 influential	advmod
12	influential	influential	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 doubted	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	doubt	present · passive		some details					vn judgment-33.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
2	is	past	it					influential property	tree rules

Option 3

Yes, every single word in it has been proved true by historians

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	10 proved	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	5 word	det
4	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 word	amod
5	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 proved	nsubj:pass
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 it	case
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 word	nmod
8	has	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 proved	aux
9	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	10 proved	aux:pass
10	proved	prove	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
11	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 proved	xcomp
12	by	by	ADP	_	13 historians	case
13	historians	historian	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 proved	obl:agent

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prove	present · perfect · passive	historians	every single word in it				true property	vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme

Option 4

Yes, he took photographs to prove it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 took	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 took	nsubj
4	took	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	photographs	photograph	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 took	obj
6	to	to	PART	_	7 prove	mark
7	prove	prove	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 took	advcl
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 prove	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	past	he	photographs					vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent photograph=Theme
2	prove	to-infinitive	he not said here	it					vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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