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Test 1 · ★ · The Atlantic routes and the slave trade

My mate says ships just sailed straight there and straight back. Why did they take different routes?

Mova's choice: option 4 · The right answer: option 4 · right ✓ · Who acts: mate, ships · What happens: say, sail, take · To what, where: different routes · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 30 «The Atlantic routes and the slave trade» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: My mate says ships just sailed straight there and straight back.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 mate	nmod:poss
2	mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 says	nsubj
3	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	ships	ship	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 sailed	nsubj
5	just	just	ADV	_	6 sailed	advmod
6	sailed	sail	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 says	ccomp
7	straight	straight	ADV	_	8 there	advmod
8	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	6 sailed	advmod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 back	cc
10	straight	straight	ADV	_	11 back	advmod
11	back	back	ADV	_	8 there	conj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	My mate						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	sail	past	ships			there			vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why did they take different routes?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	4 take	advmod
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 take	aux
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 take	nsubj
4	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 routes	amod
6	routes	route	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 take	obj
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 take	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	past · do-support	ships = ship	different routes					vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent route=Theme

The options

Option 1

The straight route was too short

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 route	det
2	straight	straight	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 route	amod
3	route	route	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 short	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 short	cop
5	too	too	ADV	_	6 short	advmod
6	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	the straight route					short property	tree rules

Option 2

Pirates guarded the straight route in both directions all year

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pirates	pirate	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 guarded	nsubj
2	guarded	guard	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 route	det
4	straight	straight	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 route	amod
5	route	route	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 guarded	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 directions	case
7	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	8 directions	det
8	directions	direction	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 guarded	obl
9	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	10 year	det
10	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 guarded	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	guard	past	Pirates	the straight route		both directions	year		vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent route=Beneficiary

Option 3

Captains liked to see new places

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Captains	captain	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 liked	nsubj
2	liked	like	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 see	mark
4	see	see	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 liked	xcomp
5	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 places	amod
6	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 see	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	like	past	Captains						vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	see not said to happen	to-infinitive	Captains not said here	new places					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer place=Stimulus

Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

They followed the trade winds out and the westerlies back

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 followed	nsubj
2	followed	follow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 trade	det
4	trade	trade	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 winds	nsubj
5	winds	wind	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 followed	ccomp
6	out	out	ADP	_	5 winds	compound:prt
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 westerlies	cc
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 westerlies	det
9	westerlies	westerly	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 followed	conj
10	back	back	ADV	_	2 followed	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	past	They						vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
2	wind out	present	the trade						vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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