Exam question 2 · Borders: why they are where they are

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: Treaty

This is exam question 2 of lesson 31 «Borders: why they are where they are» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Treaty	det
10	Treaty	Treaty	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 Tordesillas	case
12	Tordesillas	Tordesillas	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 Treaty	nmod
13	of	of	ADP	_	14 1494	case
14	1494	1494	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	10 Treaty	nmod
15	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the Treaty of Tordesillas of 1494				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

It apportioned newly discovered lands between Spain and Portugal along a meridian

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 apportioned	nsubj
2	apportioned	apportion	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	newly	newly	ADV	_	4 discovered	advmod
4	discovered	discover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 lands	amod
5	lands	land	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 apportioned	obj
6	between	between	ADP	_	7 Spain	case
7	Spain	Spain	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 lands	nmod
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 Portugal	cc
9	Portugal	Portugal	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 Spain	conj
10	along	along	ADP	_	12 meridian	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 meridian	det
12	meridian	meridian	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 apportioned	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	apportion	past	It	discovered lands				between Spain and Portugal; along a meridian	vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent land=Theme
2	discover	participle						newly property	vn discover-84-1 «NP V PP.topic S_ING»: agent=Agent

Option 2

It conferred independence upon Brazil

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 conferred	nsubj
2	conferred	confer	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	independence	independence	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 conferred	obj
4	upon	upon	ADP	_	5 Brazil	case
5	Brazil	Brazil	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 conferred	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	confer	past	It	independence				upon Brazil	tree rules

Option 3

It concluded the Hundred Years' War

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 concluded	nsubj
2	concluded	conclude	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Years	det
4	Hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	5 Years	nummod
5	Years	Year	PROPN	Number=Plur	7 War	nmod:poss
6	'	's	PART	_	5 Years	case
7	War	War	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 concluded	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	conclude	past	It	the Hundred Years's War					vn deduce-97.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent war=Theme

Option 4

It established the frontier between England and Scotland along the line of Hadrian's Wall

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 established	nsubj
2	established	establish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 frontier	det
4	frontier	frontier	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 established	obj
5	between	between	ADP	_	6 England	case
6	England	England	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 frontier	nmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 Scotland	cc
8	Scotland	Scotland	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 England	conj
9	along	along	ADP	_	11 line	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 line	det
11	line	line	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 established	obl
12	of	of	ADP	_	15 Wall	case
13	Hadrian	Hadrian	PROPN	Number=Sing	15 Wall	nmod:poss
14	's	's	PART	_	13 Hadrian	case
15	Wall	Wall	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 line	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	establish	past	It	the frontier				between England and Scotland; along the line of Hadrian's Wall	vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent frontier=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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