Exam question 3 · Venice, the Ottomans and the Mediterranean

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the consequences of the battle of Lepanto in 1571?

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris, battle · To what, where: consequences, Lepanto

This is exam question 3 of lesson 32 «Venice, the Ottomans and the Mediterranean» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 consequences	det
10	consequences	consequence	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	13 battle	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 battle	det
13	battle	battle	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 consequences	nmod
14	of	of	ADP	_	15 Lepanto	case
15	Lepanto	Lepanto	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 battle	nmod
16	in	in	ADP	_	17 1571	case
17	1571	1571	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	13 battle	nmod
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund			vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present	the consequences of the battle of Lepanto in 1571	of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules
3	battle		Lepanto		nom battle «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

The Ottoman fleet was rebuilt within about a year, and Venice nonetheless lost Cyprus

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 fleet	det
2	Ottoman	ottoman	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 fleet	amod
3	fleet	fleet	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 rebuilt	nsubj:pass
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 rebuilt	aux:pass
5	rebuilt	rebuild	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	within	within	ADP	_	9 year	case
7	about	about	ADV	_	9 year	advmod
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 year	det
9	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 rebuilt	obl
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 lost	punct
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 lost	cc
12	Venice	Venice	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 lost	nsubj
13	nonetheless	nonetheless	ADV	_	14 lost	advmod
14	lost	lose	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 rebuilt	conj
15	Cyprus	Cyprus	PROPN	Number=Sing	14 lost	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	rebuild	past · passive		the Ottoman fleet			year		vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: subject=Result
2	lose	past	Venice	Cyprus				nonetheless property	vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cyprus=Eventuality

Option 2

The Ottoman Empire was thereupon dissolved

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Empire	det
2	Ottoman	Ottoman	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Empire	compound
3	Empire	Empire	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 dissolved	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 dissolved	aux:pass
5	thereupon	thereupon	ADV	_	6 dissolved	advmod
6	dissolved	dissolve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	dissolve	past · passive		the Ottoman Empire				thereupon property	vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Ottoman naval power was permanently extinguished, and Cyprus was restored to Venice

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ottoman	ottoman	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 power	amod
2	naval	naval	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 power	amod
3	power	power	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 extinguished	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 extinguished	cop
5	permanently	permanently	ADV	_	6 extinguished	advmod
6	extinguished	extinguished	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 restored	punct
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 restored	cc
9	Cyprus	Cyprus	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 restored	nsubj
10	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 restored	aux:pass
11	restored	restore	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 extinguished	parataxis
12	to	to	ADP	_	13 Venice	case
13	Venice	Venice	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 restored	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Ottoman naval power					extinguished, permanently property	tree rules
2	restore	past · passive		Cyprus	Venice				vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to venice=Recipient

Option 4

Venice thereby recovered Constantinople

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Venice	Venice	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 recovered	nsubj
2	thereby	thereby	ADV	_	3 recovered	advmod
3	recovered	recover	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	Constantinople	Constantinople	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 recovered	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	recover	past	Venice	Constantinople				thereby property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent constantinople=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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