Exam question 4 · The Mughals, the Ming and the empires of Asia

State the policy pursued by the Tokugawa rulers of Japan from the 1630s with regard to foreign persons.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · What happens: pursue · To what, where: State policy, 1630s

This is exam question 4 of lesson 35 «The Mughals, the Ming and the empires of Asia» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	State	state	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 policy	compound
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 policy	det
3	policy	policy	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	pursued	pursue	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 policy	acl
5	by	by	ADP	_	8 rulers	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 rulers	det
7	Tokugawa	Tokugawa	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 rulers	compound
8	rulers	ruler	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 pursued	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 Japan	case
10	Japan	Japan	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 rulers	nmod
11	from	from	ADP	_	13 1630s	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 1630s	det
13	1630s	1630	NOUN	Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card	4 pursued	obl
14	with	with	ADP	_	15 regard	case
15	regard	regard	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 1630s	nmod
16	to	to	ADP	_	18 persons	case
17	foreign	foreign	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 persons	amod
18	persons	person	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 regard	nmod
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 policy	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pursue	participle		the State policy not said here		the 1630s with regard to foreign persons		by the Tokugawa rulers of Japan	vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent by ruler=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Contact was strictly limited, with only Dutch and Chinese traders admitted at Nagasaki

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Contact	contact	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 limited	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 limited	cop
3	strictly	strictly	ADV	_	4 limited	advmod
4	limited	limited	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 admitted	punct
6	with	with	SCONJ	_	12 admitted	mark
7	only	only	ADV	_	8 Dutch	advmod
8	Dutch	dutch	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 traders	amod
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 Chinese	cc
10	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 Dutch	conj
11	traders	trader	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 admitted	nsubj
12	admitted	admit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 limited	parataxis
13	at	at	ADP	_	14 Nagasaki	case
14	Nagasaki	Nagasaki	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 admitted	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Contact					limited, strictly property	tree rules
2	admit speech: other	past	Dutch traders			Nagasaki			vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent at nagasaki=Location

Option 2

Japan was ceded to the Dutch East India Company

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Japan	Japan	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ceded	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 ceded	aux:pass
3	ceded	cede	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	9 Company	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Company	det
6	Dutch	dutch	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 Company	amod
7	East	East	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 India	compound
8	India	India	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 Company	compound
9	Company	Company	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 ceded	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cede	past · passive		Japan	the Dutch India Company				vn future_having-13.3 «NP V NP PP.goal»: subject=Theme to company=Goal

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice

Only Portuguese traders were permitted to remain

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Only	only	ADV	_	3 traders	advmod
2	Portuguese	portuguese	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 traders	amod
3	traders	trader	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 permitted	nsubj:pass
4	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 permitted	aux:pass
5	permitted	permit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 remain	mark
7	remain	remain	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 permitted	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	permit	past · passive		Portuguese traders					vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality
2	remain not said to happen	to-infinitive							vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 4

All foreign merchants were welcomed without restriction

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	All	all	DET	PronType=Tot	3 merchants	det
2	foreign	foreign	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 merchants	amod
3	merchants	merchant	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 welcomed	nsubj:pass
4	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 welcomed	aux:pass
5	welcomed	welcome	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	without	without	ADP	_	7 restriction	case
7	restriction	restriction	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 welcomed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	welcome	past · passive		all foreign merchants				without restriction	vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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