Exam question 1 · Plate tectonics

Identify the principal force to which the motion of the lithospheric plates is attributed.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: you, lithospheric plates · What happens: identify, attribute, motion · To what, where: principal force, motion

This is exam question 1 of lesson 42 «Plate tectonics» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Identify	identify	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 force	det
3	principal	principal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 force	amod
4	force	force	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Identify	obj
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 which	case
6	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 attributed	obl
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 motion	det
8	motion	motion	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 attributed	nsubj:pass
9	of	of	ADP	_	12 plates	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 plates	det
11	lithospheric	lithospheric	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 plates	amod
12	plates	plate	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 motion	nmod
13	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 attributed	aux:pass
14	attributed	attribute	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 force	acl:relcl
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Identify	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	identify	imperative	you not said here	the principal force		vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent force=Theme
2	attribute	present · passive		the motion of the lithospheric plates	to the principal force	tree rules
3	motion		the lithospheric plates			nom motion «communication intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

The descent of cold, dense oceanic lithosphere into the mantle, termed slab pull

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 descent	det
2	descent	descent	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	8 lithosphere	case
4	cold	cold	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 lithosphere	amod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 cold	punct
6	dense	dense	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 lithosphere	amod
7	oceanic	oceanic	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lithosphere	compound
8	lithosphere	lithosphere	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 descent	nmod
9	into	into	ADP	_	11 mantle	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 mantle	det
11	mantle	mantle	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 lithosphere	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 pull	punct
13	termed	term	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	15 pull	amod
14	slab	slab	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 pull	compound
15	pull	pull	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 descent	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	term	participle							vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	descend		cold dense oceanic lithosphere into the mantle						nom descent «event intransitive»: of=agent

Option 2

The flow of rivers across the margins of the continents

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 flow	det
2	flow	flow	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	ADP	_	4 rivers	case
4	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 flow	nmod
5	across	across	ADP	_	7 margins	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 margins	det
7	margins	margin	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 flow	nmod
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 continents	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 continents	det
10	continents	continent	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 margins	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	flow		rivers			the margins of the continents			nom flow «event intransitive»: of=agent across=place

Option 3

The gravitational attraction exerted upon the continents by the Moon and the Sun together

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 attraction	det
2	gravitational	gravitational	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 attraction	amod
3	attraction	attraction	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	exerted	exert	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 attraction	acl
5	upon	upon	ADP	_	7 continents	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 continents	det
7	continents	continent	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 exerted	obl
8	by	by	ADP	_	10 Moon	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 Moon	det
10	Moon	Moon	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 continents	nmod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 Sun	cc
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 Sun	det
13	Sun	Sun	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 Moon	conj
14	together	together	ADV	_	4 exerted	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	exert	participle		the gravitational attraction not said here				upon the continents by the Moon and the Sun; together property	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 4

The pressure of prevailing winds upon the continental surfaces

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 pressure	det
2	pressure	pressure	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	SCONJ	_	4 prevailing	mark
4	prevailing	prevail	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 pressure	acl
5	winds	wind	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 prevailing	obj
6	upon	upon	ADP	_	9 surfaces	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 surfaces	det
8	continental	continental	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 surfaces	amod
9	surfaces	surface	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 prevailing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	prevail	gerund	the pressure not said here	winds				upon the continental surfaces	tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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