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Test 1 · ★ · Plate tectonics

Leo says the plates float on a sea of liquid lava. Put him right.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Leo, plates, you · What happens: say, float, put · To what, where: sea, Leo · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 42 «Plate tectonics» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Leo says the plates float on a sea of liquid lava.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Leo	Leo	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 plates	det
4	plates	plate	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 float	nsubj
5	float	float	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 says	ccomp
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 sea	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 sea	det
8	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 float	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 lava	case
10	liquid	liquid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 lava	amod
11	lava	lava	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 sea	nmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Leo						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	float	present	the plates			a sea of liquid lava			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on sea=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Put him right.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Put	put	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	1 Put	obj
3	right	right	ADV	_	1 Put	advmod
4	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Put	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	put	imperative	you not said here		Leo			right property	vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent he=Goal

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They float on the liquid inner core, which is made of hot iron

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 float	nsubj
2	float	float	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	7 core	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 core	det
5	liquid	liquid	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 core	compound
6	inner	inner	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 core	amod
7	core	core	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 float	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 made	punct
9	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	11 made	nsubj:pass
10	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 made	aux:pass
11	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 core	acl:relcl
12	of	of	ADP	_	14 iron	case
13	hot	hot	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 iron	amod
14	iron	iron	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 made	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	float	present	They			the liquid inner core			vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on core=Trajectory
2	make	present · passive		the liquid inner core				of hot iron	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

They ride on solid mantle rock that flows very slowly

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 ride	nsubj
2	ride	ride	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	6 rock	case
4	solid	solid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 rock	amod
5	mantle	mantle	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 rock	compound
6	rock	rock	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 ride	obl
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 flows	nsubj
8	flows	flow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 rock	acl:relcl
9	very	very	ADV	_	10 slowly	advmod
10	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	8 flows	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ride	present	They			solid mantle rock			vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
2	flow	present	solid mantle rock					slowly property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 3

He's right, the mantle is runny lava

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 lava	punct
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 mantle	det
6	mantle	mantle	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 lava	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 lava	cop
8	runny	runny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 lava	amod
9	lava	lava	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 right	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	He					right property	tree rules
2	is a	present	the mantle	runny lava					tree rules

Option 4

They sit on a layer of seawater

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sit	nsubj
2	sit	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	on	on	ADP	_	5 layer	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 layer	det
5	layer	layer	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sit	obl
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 seawater	case
7	seawater	seawater	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 layer	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sit	present	They			a layer of seawater			vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on layer=Location

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/42-plate-tectonics/t1/