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Test 10 · ★★★ · Moving continents: from Pangaea to today

Mia thinks Pangaea was the only supercontinent ever. What's true?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 1 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Mia, Pangaea · What happens: think, be · To what, where: only supercontinent · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 10 · ★★★ of lesson 43 «Moving continents: from Pangaea to today» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Mia thinks Pangaea was the only supercontinent ever.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mia	Mia	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 thinks	nsubj
2	thinks	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Pangaea	Pangaea	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 supercontinent	nsubj
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 supercontinent	cop
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 supercontinent	det
6	only	only	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 supercontinent	amod
7	supercontinent	supercontinent	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 thinks	ccomp
8	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	7 supercontinent	advmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 thinks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	think speech: other	present	Mia						vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is a	past	Pangaea	the only supercontinent			ever		tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's true?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 true	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 true	cop
3	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 true	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						true property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ✓ the right answer

Supercontinents form and break up again and again, like Rodinia before it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Supercontinents	supercontinent	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 form	nsubj
2	form	form	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 break	cc
4	break	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 form	conj
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 break	compound:prt
6	again	again	ADV	_	4 break	advmod
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 again	cc
8	again	again	ADV	_	6 again	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 Rodinia	punct
10	like	like	ADP	_	11 Rodinia	case
11	Rodinia	Rodinia	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 form	obl
12	before	before	ADP	_	13 it	case
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 form	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	form	present	Supercontinents			it		like Rodinia	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before it=Location
2	break up	present	Supercontinents not said here				again		vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice

Pangaea was the first and there will never be another one like it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Pangaea	Pangaea	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 one	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 one	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 one	det
4	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	11 one	amod
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 be	cc
6	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	9 be	expl
7	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	9 be	aux
8	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	9 be	advmod
9	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	11 one	cop
10	another	another	DET	PronType=Ind	11 one	det
11	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
12	like	like	ADP	_	13 it	case
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 one	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	Pangaea	the first one				like it	tree rules

Option 3

There were never any supercontinents, it is a myth

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 were	expl
2	were	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	5 supercontinents	advmod
4	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	5 supercontinents	det
5	supercontinents	supercontinent	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 were	nsubj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 myth	punct
7	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 myth	expl
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 myth	cop
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 myth	det
10	myth	myth	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 were	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	past	any supercontinents			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	is a	present		a myth					tree rules

Option 4

Rodinia came after Pangaea broke up

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rodinia	Rodinia	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 came	nsubj
2	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	after	after	SCONJ	_	5 broke	mark
4	Pangaea	Pangaea	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 broke	nsubj
5	broke	break	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 came	advcl
6	up	up	ADP	_	5 broke	compound:prt

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	Rodinia						vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	break up	past	Pangaea						vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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