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Test 8 · ★★★ · Moving continents: from Pangaea to today

Tom says: "Coal under Britain proves Britain used to be a jungle in the same place." What's the best correction?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: Tom, Coal, Britain, best correction · What happens: say, prove, use, be · To what, where: jungle, same place · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 8 · ★★★ of lesson 43 «Moving continents: from Pangaea to today» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Tom says: "Coal under Britain proves Britain used to be a jungle in the same place."

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tom	Tom	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 proves	punct
4	"	"	PUNCT	_	5 Coal	punct
5	Coal	coal	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 proves	nsubj
6	under	under	ADP	_	7 Britain	case
7	Britain	Britain	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 Coal	nmod
8	proves	prove	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 says	conj
9	Britain	Britain	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 used	nsubj
10	used	use	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 proves	ccomp
11	to	to	PART	_	14 jungle	mark
12	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	14 jungle	cop
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 jungle	det
14	jungle	jungle	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 used	xcomp
15	in	in	ADP	_	18 place	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 place	det
17	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 place	amod
18	place	place	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 jungle	nmod
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct
20	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Tom						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	prove in a quote	present	Coal under Britain						vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
3	use in a quote	past	Britain						vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
4	is a in a quote	to-infinitive	Britain not said here	a jungle		the same place			tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What's the best correction?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	root	root
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	1 What	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 correction	det
4	best	good	ADJ	Degree=Sup	5 correction	amod
5	correction	correction	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 What	nsubj
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	1 What	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the best correction						tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Britain was a swampy forest, but because it lay near the equator then

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Britain	Britain	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 forest	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 forest	cop
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 forest	det
4	swampy	swampy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 forest	amod
5	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 lay	punct
7	but	but	CCONJ	_	10 lay	cc
8	because	because	SCONJ	_	10 lay	mark
9	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 lay	nsubj
10	lay	lie	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 forest	acl:relcl
11	near	near	ADP	_	13 equator	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 equator	det
13	equator	equator	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 lay	obl
14	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	10 lay	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	Britain	a swampy forest					tree rules
2	lie	past	forest	a swampy forest not said here		the equator	then		vn spatial_configuration-47.6 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location forest=Theme

Option 2

No, coal was made by volcanoes only

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	5 made	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	coal	coal	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 made	nsubj:pass
4	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 made	aux:pass
5	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 volcanoes	case
7	volcanoes	volcano	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 made	obl
8	only	only	ADV	_	5 made	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past · passive	volcanoes	coal					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product

Option 3

No, coal comes from old ice, not plants

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 comes	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 comes	punct
3	coal	coal	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 comes	nsubj
4	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	from	from	ADP	_	7 ice	case
6	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 ice	amod
7	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 comes	obl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 plants	punct
9	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	10 plants	advmod
10	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 ice	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	present	coal			old ice and plants			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from ice=Initial_Location

Option 4

He's right, the equator itself moved north to Britain

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
2	's	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 moved	punct
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 equator	det
6	equator	equator	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 moved	nsubj
7	itself	itself	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes	6 equator	nmod:unmarked
8	moved	move	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 right	parataxis
9	north	north	ADV	_	8 moved	advmod
10	to	to	ADP	_	11 Britain	case
11	Britain	Britain	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 moved	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	He					right property	tree rules
2	move	past	the equator equator		Britain			north property	vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to britain=Result

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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