Exam question 4 · Rivers shaping the land
Ascertain the conditions under which a delta is formed at the mouth of a river.
Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you · What happens: ascertain, form · To what, where: conditions, delta
This is exam question 4 of lesson 53 «Rivers shaping the land» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ascertain | ascertain | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 conditions | det |
| 3 | conditions | condition | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Ascertain | obj |
| 4 | under | under | ADP | _ | 5 which | case |
| 5 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 formed | obl |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 delta | det |
| 7 | delta | delta | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 formed | nsubj |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 formed | aux:pass |
| 9 | formed | form | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 conditions | acl:relcl |
| 10 | at | at | ADP | _ | 12 mouth | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 mouth | det |
| 12 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 formed | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 river | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 river | det |
| 15 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 mouth | nmod |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Ascertain | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ascertain | imperative | you not said here | the conditions | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent condition=Topic | ||||
| 2 | form | present · passive | a delta | the conditions | at the mouth of a river | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1 · ← Mova's choice
The river flows uphill towards its mouth
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 river | det |
| 2 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 flows | nsubj |
| 3 | flows | flow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | uphill | uphill | ADV | _ | 3 flows | advmod |
| 5 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 7 mouth | case |
| 6 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 mouth | nmod:poss |
| 7 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 flows | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | flow | present | the river | towards river's mouth; uphill property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
Option 2 · ✓ the right answer
Sediment is deposited faster than the sea is able to remove it
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sediment | sediment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 deposited | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 deposited | aux:pass |
| 3 | deposited | deposit | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | faster | fast | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 9 able | advmod |
| 5 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 9 able | mark |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 sea | det |
| 7 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 able | nsubj |
| 8 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 able | cop |
| 9 | able | able | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 deposited | advcl |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 11 remove | mark |
| 11 | remove | remove | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 able | xcomp |
| 12 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 remove | obj |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | deposit | present · passive | Sediment | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 2 | is | present | the sea | able, fast property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | remove | to-infinitive | the sea not said here | sea | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
Option 3
The sea deposits sediment into the source of the river from its mouth
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 deposits | det |
| 2 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 deposits | compound |
| 3 | deposits | deposit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 sediment | nsubj |
| 4 | sediment | sediment | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | into | into | ADP | _ | 7 source | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 source | det |
| 7 | source | source | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 sediment | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 river | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 river | det |
| 10 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 source | nmod |
| 11 | from | from | ADP | _ | 13 mouth | case |
| 12 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 mouth | nmod:poss |
| 13 | mouth | mouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 sediment | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | sediment | present | the sea deposits | the source of the river | from river's mouth | tree rules |
Option 4
The river is entirely frozen throughout the year
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 river | det |
| 2 | river | river | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 frozen | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 frozen | aux:pass |
| 4 | entirely | entirely | ADV | _ | 5 frozen | advmod |
| 5 | frozen | freeze | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | throughout | throughout | ADP | _ | 8 year | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 year | det |
| 8 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 frozen | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | freeze | present · passive | the river | year | entirely property | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Result |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/53-rivers-shaping-the-land/e4/