Exam question 3 · Glaciers and ice ages

Select the response that is consistent with the established facts concerning erratics.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, response · What happens: select, be, establish · To what, where: response

This is exam question 3 of lesson 54 «Glaciers and ice ages» of the geography course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	6 consistent	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 consistent	cop
6	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 response	acl:relcl
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 facts	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 facts	det
9	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 facts	amod
10	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 consistent	obl
11	concerning	concerning	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 erratics	amod
12	erratics	erratic	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 facts	conj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response		vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	is	present	the response		with the established facts and concerning erratics; consistent property	tree rules
3	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

They are fissures within glacial ice

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 fissures	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 fissures	cop
3	fissures	fissure	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	within	within	ADP	_	6 ice	case
5	glacial	glacial	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 ice	amod
6	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 fissures	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	fissures				within glacial ice	tree rules

Option 2

They are lakes situated within volcanic craters formerly occupied by glaciers

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 lakes	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 lakes	cop
3	lakes	lake	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 occupied	nsubj:pass
4	situated	situate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 lakes	acl
5	within	within	ADP	_	6 volcanic	case
6	volcanic	volcanic	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 situated	obl
7	craters	crater	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 occupied	aux
8	formerly	formerly	ADV	_	9 occupied	advmod
9	occupied	occupy	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
10	by	by	ADP	_	11 glaciers	case
11	glaciers	glacier	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 occupied	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	lakes		tree rules
2	situate	participle		lakes not said here	within volcanic	vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent
3	occupy	present · passive	glaciers	lakes	formerly property	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus subject=Experiencer

Option 3

They are deposits formed by desert winds

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 deposits	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 deposits	cop
3	deposits	deposit	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	formed	form	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 deposits	acl
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 winds	case
6	desert	desert	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 winds	compound
7	winds	wind	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 formed	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	deposits					tree rules
2	form	participle		deposits not said here				by desert winds	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by wind=Location

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

They are boulders transported and deposited by glaciers far from their origin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 boulders	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 boulders	cop
3	boulders	boulder	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
4	transported	transport	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 boulders	acl
5	and	and	CCONJ	_	6 deposited	cc
6	deposited	deposit	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 transported	conj
7	by	by	ADP	_	8 glaciers	case
8	glaciers	glacier	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 transported	obl
9	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	3 boulders	advmod
10	from	from	ADP	_	12 origin	case
11	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	12 origin	nmod:poss
12	origin	origin	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 far	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	They	boulders	far property	tree rules
2	transport	participle		boulders not said here	by glaciers	vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
3	deposit	participle				vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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