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Test 1 · ★★★ · Deep time and the story of life

A cartoon shows cavemen riding dinosaurs. What is wrong?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: cartoon, cavemen · What happens: show, ride, be · To what, where: cavemen, dinosaurs

This is test 1 · ★★★ of lesson 58 «Deep time and the story of life» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: A cartoon shows cavemen riding dinosaurs.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 cartoon	det
2	cartoon	cartoon	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 shows	nsubj
3	shows	show	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	cavemen	caveman	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 shows	obj
5	riding	ride	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	4 cavemen	acl
6	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 riding	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 shows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	show	present	a cartoon	cavemen					vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent caveman=Recipient
2	ride	gerund	cavemen not said here	dinosaurs					vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dinosaur=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: What is wrong?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	What	what	PRON	PronType=Int	3 wrong	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 wrong	cop
3	wrong	wrong	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 wrong	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present						wrong property	tree rules

The options

Option 1

Dinosaurs were too slow

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 slow	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 slow	cop
3	too	too	ADV	_	4 slow	advmod
4	slow	slow	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Dinosaurs					slow property	tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Non-bird dinosaurs died about 66 million years before humans

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Non-bird	non-bird	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 dinosaurs	amod
2	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 died	nsubj
3	died	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	about	about	ADV	_	6 million	advmod
5	66	66	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	6 million	compound
6	million	million	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 years	nummod
7	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 died	obl
8	before	before	ADP	_	9 humans	case
9	humans	human	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 died	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	die	past	Non-bird dinosaurs				before humans; year		vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute

Option 3

Cavemen were too small to ride them, but they did live side by side

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cavemen	caveman	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 small	nsubj
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 small	cop
3	too	too	ADV	_	4 small	advmod
4	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
5	to	to	PART	_	6 ride	mark
6	ride	ride	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 small	advcl
7	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 ride	obj
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 did	punct
9	but	but	CCONJ	_	11 did	cc
10	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 did	nsubj
11	did	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 small	parataxis
12	live	live	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 side	amod
13	side	side	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 did	obj
14	by	by	ADP	_	15 side	case
15	side	side	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 did	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Cavemen					small property	tree rules
2	ride	to-infinitive	Cavemen not said here	Cavemen = caveman					vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
3	do	past	Cavemen = caveman	live side				by side	vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent side=Eventuality

Option 4

Nothing, they lived together

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nothing	nothing	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	4 lived	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Nothing	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 lived	nsubj
4	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	together	together	ADV	_	4 lived	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live together	past	Nothing					together property	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/58-deep-time-and-the-story-of-life/t1/