Test 8 · Europe: countries and capitals

Why might the Swiss avoid naming an official capital?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: Swiss · What happens: avoid, name · To what, where: official capital

This is test 8 of lesson 7 «Europe: countries and capitals» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 avoid	advmod
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 avoid	aux
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Swiss	det
4	Swiss	Swis	PROPN	Number=Plur	5 avoid	nsubj
5	avoid	avoid	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	naming	name	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 avoid	xcomp
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 capital	det
8	official	official	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 capital	amod
9	capital	capital	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 naming	obj
10	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 avoid	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	avoid	might	the Swiss						vn avoid-52 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	name	gerund	the Swiss not said here	a official capital					vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent capital=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

Because Bern is in France

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	5 France	mark
2	Bern	Bern	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 France	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 France	cop
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 France	case
5	France	France	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Bern			France			tree rules

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

To keep the cantons equal, with no city above the others

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 keep	mark
2	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 cantons	det
4	cantons	canton	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 keep	obj
5	equal	equal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 keep	xcomp
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 city	punct
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 city	case
8	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	9 city	det
9	city	city	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 keep	obl
10	above	above	ADP	_	12 others	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 others	det
12	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 city	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	to-infinitive		the cantons				with no city above the others; equal property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent canton=Theme

Option 3

Because the Pope forbids it in the old treaty with the Swiss

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	4 forbids	mark
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Pope	det
3	Pope	Pope	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 forbids	nsubj
4	forbids	forbid	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 forbids	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	9 treaty	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 treaty	det
8	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 treaty	amod
9	treaty	treaty	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 forbids	obl
10	with	with	ADP	_	12 Swiss	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 Swiss	det
12	Swiss	Swiss	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 forbids	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	forbid	present	the Pope	it		the old treaty		with the Swiss	vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer it=Theme

Option 4

Because Switzerland has no cities

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Because	because	SCONJ	_	3 has	mark
2	Switzerland	Switzerland	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 cities	det
5	cities	city	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 has	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Switzerland	no cities					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent city=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/7-europe-countries-and-capitals/t8/