Test 9 · ★★ · The United States

Why did the United States go so long without an official language?

Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 2 · right ✓ · Who acts: United States · What happens: go

This is test 9 · ★★ of lesson 9 «The United States» of the geography course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	6 go	advmod
2	did	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 go	aux
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 States	det
4	United	United	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 States	amod
5	States	State	PROPN	Number=Plur	6 go	nsubj
6	go	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	so	so	ADV	_	8 long	advmod
8	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	6 go	advmod
9	without	without	ADP	_	12 language	case
10	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 language	det
11	official	official	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 language	amod
12	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 go	obl
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 go	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	past · do-support	the United States					without a official language; long property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1

The Spanish king forbade it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 king	det
2	Spanish	Spanish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 king	amod
3	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 forbade	nsubj
4	forbade	forbid	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 forbade	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	forbid	past	the Spanish king	it					vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer it=Theme

Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

English was used everywhere anyway, and many languages were spoken

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 used	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 used	aux:pass
3	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	everywhere	everywhere	ADV	PronType=Tot	3 used	advmod
5	anyway	anyway	ADV	_	3 used	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 spoken	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 spoken	cc
8	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 languages	amod
9	languages	language	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 spoken	nsubj:pass
10	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 spoken	aux:pass
11	spoken	speak	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 used	parataxis

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	past · passive		English				anyway, everywhere property	vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
2	speak speech: other	past · passive		many languages					tree rules

Option 3

English was banned after 1776

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	English	English	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 banned	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 banned	aux:pass
3	banned	ban	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	after	after	ADP	_	5 1776	case
5	1776	1776	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 banned	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ban	past · passive		English			after 1776		vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 4

Congress could not agree on spelling

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Congress	Congress	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 agree	nsubj
2	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	4 agree	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 agree	advmod
4	agree	agree	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	on	on	ADP	_	6 spelling	case
6	spelling	spelling	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 agree	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not agree speech: agree	could	Congress					on spelling	vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V PP.theme S»: agent=Agent on spelling=Topic

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/geography/9-the-united-states/t9/