Test 4 · The first people: hunters, gatherers and cave painters

If a hunter-gatherer band had no fire in the Ice Age, what would be hardest?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 1 · right ✓ · Who acts: gatherer band · What happens: have, be · To what, where: fire, Ice Age

This is test 4 of lesson 1 «The first people: hunters, gatherers and cave painters» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	If	if	SCONJ	_	7 had	mark
2	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 band	det
3	hunter	hunter	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 gatherer	compound
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	3 hunter	punct
5	gatherer	gatherer	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 band	compound
6	band	band	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 had	nsubj
7	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	9 fire	det
9	fire	fire	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 had	obj
10	in	in	ADP	_	13 Age	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 Age	det
12	Ice	Ice	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 Age	compound
13	Age	Age	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 had	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 hardest	punct
15	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	18 hardest	obj
16	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	18 hardest	aux
17	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	18 hardest	cop
18	hardest	hard	ADJ	Degree=Sup	13 Age	parataxis
19	?	?	PUNCT	_	7 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	a gatherer band	no fire			in the Ice Age		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Patient
2	is	would						hard property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Keeping warm through the freezing nights

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Keeping	keep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	warm	warm	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Keeping	xcomp
3	through	through	ADP	_	6 nights	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 nights	det
5	freezing	freezing	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 nights	compound
6	nights	night	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Keeping	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	gerund					night	warm property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Writing down their stories in books

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Writing	write	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	down	down	ADP	_	1 Writing	compound:prt
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 stories	nmod:poss
4	stories	story	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Writing	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 books	case
6	books	book	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Writing	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write down	gerund		their stories		books			vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent story=Theme in book=Destination

Option 3

Finding enough sand to play in by the river

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Finding	find	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	enough	enough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 sand	amod
3	sand	sand	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Finding	obj
4	to	to	PART	_	5 play	mark
5	play	play	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Finding	xcomp
6	in	in	ADP	_	5 play	compound:prt
7	by	by	ADP	_	9 river	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 river	det
9	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 play	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	find	gerund		enough sand					vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent sand=Attribute clause=Theme
2	play in	to-infinitive	enough sand not said here					by the river	vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Option 4

Keeping their pots clean

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Keeping	keep	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
2	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 pots	nmod:poss
3	pots	pot	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Keeping	obj
4	clean	clean	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Keeping	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	keep	gerund		their pots				clean property	vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pot=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/1-the-first-people/t4/