Test 3 · Ancient Greece: city-states, Athens and Sparta

If Greece were one flat plain, what might have been different?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Greece, one flat plain · What happens: be · To what, where: one flat plain

This is test 3 of lesson 11 «Ancient Greece: city-states, Athens and Sparta» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	If	if	SCONJ	_	2 Greece	mark
2	Greece	Greece	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 plain	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	6 plain	cop
4	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 plain	nummod
5	flat	flat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 plain	amod
6	plain	plain	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 different	punct
8	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	12 different	nsubj
9	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 different	aux
10	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	12 different	aux
11	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	12 different	cop
12	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 plain	conj
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	6 plain	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	Greece	one flat plain					tree rules
2	is	might · perfect	one flat plain					different property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

There would be no sea anywhere near it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	3 be	expl
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 be	aux
3	be	be	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 sea	det
5	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 be	nsubj
6	anywhere	anywhere	ADV	PronType=Ind	3 be	advmod
7	near	near	ADP	_	8 it	case
8	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 anywhere	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	would	no sea			there		anywhere property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

It might have been easier to unite into one country

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 easier	nsubj
2	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 easier	aux
3	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 easier	aux
4	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 easier	cop
5	easier	easy	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 unite	mark
7	unite	unite	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 easier	xcomp
8	into	into	ADP	_	10 country	case
9	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 country	nummod
10	country	country	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 unite	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	might · perfect	It					easy property	tree rules
2	unite	to-infinitive						into one country	vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Patient into country=Co-Patient

Option 3

The Greeks would all have spoken Chinese

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Greeks	det
2	Greeks	Greek	PROPN	Number=Plur	6 spoken	nsubj:pass
3	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	6 spoken	aux
4	all	all	ADV	_	6 spoken	advmod
5	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	6 spoken	aux
6	spoken	speak	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
7	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 spoken	xcomp

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	speak speech: other	would · perfect · passive		the Greeks				all, chinese property	tree rules

Option 4

Nobody would ever have wanted to live there

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	5 wanted	nsubj
2	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 wanted	aux
3	ever	ever	ADV	PronType=Ind	5 wanted	advmod
4	have	have	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 wanted	aux
5	wanted	want	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	root	root
6	to	to	PART	_	7 live	mark
7	live	live	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 wanted	xcomp
8	there	there	ADV	PronType=Dem	7 live	advmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	want	would · perfect	Nobody				ever		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
2	live not said to happen	to-infinitive	Nobody not said here			there			vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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