Test 2 · Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic
Julius Caesar was the first Roman emperor, right?
Mova's choice: option 2 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Julius · What happens: be · To what, where: first Roman emperor
This is test 2 of lesson 13 «Rome: from a town on seven hills to a republic» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.
The question
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Julius | Julius | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 emperor | nsubj |
| 2 | Caesar | Caesar | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Julius | flat |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 emperor | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 emperor | det |
| 5 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 7 emperor | amod |
| 6 | Roman | roman | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 emperor | amod |
| 7 | emperor | emperor | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 emperor | punct |
| 9 | right | right | INTJ | _ | 7 emperor | discourse |
| 10 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 7 emperor | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | Julius | the first Roman emperor | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
The options
Option 1
Yes, he was crowned emperor in 44 BC
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 5 crowned | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Yes | punct |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 crowned | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 crowned | aux:pass |
| 5 | crowned | crown | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | emperor | emperor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 crowned | xcomp |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 8 44 | case |
| 8 | 44 | 44 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 5 crowned | obl |
| 9 | BC | BC | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 44 | nmod:unmarked |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | crown | past · passive | he | 44 BC | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
Option 2 · ← Mova's choice
Yes, he ruled for 40 years
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yes | yes | INTJ | Polarity=Pos | 4 ruled | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 ruled | punct |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 ruled | nsubj |
| 4 | ruled | rule | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | for | for | ADP | _ | 7 years | case |
| 6 | 40 | 40 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 7 years | nummod |
| 7 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 ruled | obl |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rule | past | he | year | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
Option 3
No, Romulus was
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 3 Romulus | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | Romulus | Romulus | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 Romulus | cop |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | Romulus | tree rules |
Option 4 · ✓ the right answer
No, Augustus was the first emperor
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | No | no | INTJ | Polarity=Neg | 7 emperor | discourse |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 No | punct |
| 3 | Augustus | Augustus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 emperor | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 emperor | cop |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 emperor | det |
| 6 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 7 emperor | amod |
| 7 | emperor | emperor | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | Augustus | the first emperor | tree rules |
Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/13-rome-from-seven-hills-to-a-republic/t2/