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Test 2 · Rome: daily life, gladiators, Latin and Christianity

Thumbs down meant kill, right? Everyone knows that.

Mova's choice: option 3 · The right answer: option 3 · right ✓ · Who acts: Thumbs, Everyone · What happens: mean, know · To what, where: kill, that

This is test 2 of lesson 15 «Rome: daily life, gladiators, Latin and Christianity» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Thumbs down meant kill, right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Thumbs	thumb	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 meant	nsubj
2	down	down	ADV	_	3 meant	advmod
3	meant	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	kill	kill	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 meant	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 meant	punct
6	right	right	INTJ	_	3 meant	discourse
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 meant	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	past	Thumbs	kill				down property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kill=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Everyone knows that.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	2 knows	nsubj
2	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	that	that	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	2 knows	obj
4	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 knows	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	know	present	Everyone	that					vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer that=Stimulus

The options

Option 1

Yes, Caesar invented it

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 invented	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	Caesar	Caesar	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 invented	nsubj
4	invented	invent	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 invented	obj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	invent	past	Caesar	it					vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Result

Option 2

Yes, it is written down clearly in Roman law books

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 written	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	5 written	nsubj:pass
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 written	aux:pass
5	written	write	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	down	down	ADP	_	5 written	compound:prt
7	clearly	clearly	ADV	_	5 written	advmod
8	in	in	ADP	_	11 books	case
9	Roman	roman	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 books	amod
10	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 books	compound
11	books	book	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 written	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write down	present · passive		it		Roman law books		clearly property	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in book=Destination

Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer

Not sure; that sign may be a modern guess

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	2 sure	advmod
2	sure	sure	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
3	;	;	PUNCT	_	10 guess	punct
4	that	that	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	5 sign	det
5	sign	sign	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 guess	nsubj
6	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 guess	aux
7	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	10 guess	cop
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 guess	det
9	modern	modern	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 guess	amod
10	guess	guess	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sure	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	may	that sign	a modern guess					tree rules

Option 4

No, it meant "well done"

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 meant	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 meant	punct
3	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 meant	nsubj
4	meant	mean	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 done	punct
6	well	well	ADV	Degree=Pos	7 done	advmod
7	done	do	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	4 meant	ccomp
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 done	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	mean	past	it						vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	do in a quote	participle						well property	vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/15-rome-daily-life-gladiators-latin-and-christianity/t2/