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Test 5 · ★★ · Rome: the fall of the West and what Rome left us

The Visigoths took Rome in 410. Why were people so shocked?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Visigoths, people · What happens: take, be · To what, where: Rome, 410

This is test 5 · ★★ of lesson 16 «Rome: the fall of the West and what Rome left us» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: The Visigoths took Rome in 410.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Visigoths	det
2	Visigoths	Visigoth	PROPN	Number=Plur	3 took	nsubj
3	took	take	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	Rome	Rome	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 took	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 410	case
6	410	410	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 took	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 took	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take	past	the Visigoths	Rome		410			vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent rome=Value in 410=Location

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Why were people so shocked?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	5 shocked	advmod
2	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 shocked	cop
3	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 shocked	nsubj
4	so	so	ADV	_	5 shocked	advmod
5	shocked	shocked	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	?	?	PUNCT	_	5 shocked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	people					shocked property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

Rome was attacked and taken by enemies every single week

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rome	Rome	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 attacked	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 attacked	aux:pass
3	attacked	attack	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 taken	cc
5	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 attacked	conj
6	by	by	ADP	_	7 enemies	case
7	enemies	enemy	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 attacked	obl
8	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	10 week	det
9	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 week	amod
10	week	week	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 attacked	obl:unmarked

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	attack	past · passive	enemies	Rome			week		vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient
2	take	participle	enemies not said here						vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 2

Nobody lived in Rome

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Nobody	nobody	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Neg	2 lived	nsubj
2	lived	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 Rome	case
4	Rome	Rome	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 lived	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	live	past	Nobody			Rome			vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in rome=Location

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

Rome had not been taken by an enemy for about 800 years

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Rome	Rome	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 taken	nsubj:pass
2	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 taken	aux
3	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	5 taken	advmod
4	been	be	AUX	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	5 taken	aux:pass
5	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	by	by	ADP	_	8 enemy	case
7	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 enemy	det
8	enemy	enemy	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 taken	obl
9	for	for	ADP	_	12 years	case
10	about	about	ADV	_	11 800	advmod
11	800	800	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	12 years	nummod
12	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 taken	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not take	past · perfect · passive	a enemy	Rome			year		vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument subject=Destination

Option 4

The Visigoths were Roman senators

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Visigoths	det
2	Visigoths	Visigoth	PROPN	Number=Plur	5 senators	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 senators	cop
4	Roman	roman	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 senators	amod
5	senators	senator	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	the Visigoths	Roman senators					tree rules

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/16-rome-the-fall-of-the-west-and-what-rome-left-us/t5/