Exam question 2 · The Maya

Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the Maya calendar and the year 2012.

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 4 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: you, established facts · What happens: select, establish, concern · To what, where: response, Maya calendar

This is exam question 2 of lesson 18 «The Maya» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Select	select	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 response	det
3	response	response	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Select	obj
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Select	xcomp
5	with	with	ADP	_	8 facts	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 facts	det
7	established	establish	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 facts	amod
8	facts	fact	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 consistent	obl
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	8 facts	acl
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 calendar	det
11	Maya	Maya	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 calendar	compound
12	calendar	calendar	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 concerning	obj
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	15 year	cc
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 year	det
15	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 calendar	conj
16	2012	2012	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	15 year	flat
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Select	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	select	imperative	you not said here	the response	consistent property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme
2	establish	participle				vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot
3	concern	gerund	the established facts not said here	the Maya calendar and the year		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus calendar=Experiencer

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

The end of the world was explicitly foretold

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 end	det
2	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 foretold	nsubj:pass
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 world	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 world	det
5	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 end	nmod
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 foretold	aux:pass
7	explicitly	explicitly	ADV	_	8 foretold	advmod
8	foretold	foretell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	foretell	past · passive		the end of the world				explicitly property	vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme

Option 2

The calendar was devised by the Spaniards

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 calendar	det
2	calendar	calendar	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 devised	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 devised	aux:pass
4	devised	devise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	by	by	ADP	_	7 Spaniards	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Spaniards	det
7	Spaniards	Spaniard	PROPN	Number=Plur	4 devised	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	devise	past · passive	the Spaniards	the calendar					vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient

Option 3

The calendar terminated in 1492

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 calendar	det
2	calendar	calendar	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	terminated	terminate	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 calendar	acl
4	in	in	ADP	_	5 1492	case
5	1492	1492	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 terminated	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	terminate	participle		the calendar not said here		1492			vn stop-55.4-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality

Option 4 · ✓ the right answer

A long cycle concluded; no end of the world was predicted

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 cycle	det
2	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 cycle	amod
3	cycle	cycle	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 predicted	nsubj:pass
4	concluded	conclude	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 cycle	acl
5	;	;	PUNCT	_	7 end	punct
6	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	7 end	det
7	end	end	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 cycle	appos
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 world	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 world	det
10	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 end	nmod
11	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	12 predicted	aux:pass
12	predicted	predict	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	conclude	participle		a long cycle not said here					vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
2	predict	past · passive		a long cycle					vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/18-the-maya/e2/