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Test 11 · ★★ · The Maya

Mate says the Maya could only draw pictures, not write. Is he right?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 2 · wrong ✗ · Who acts: Mate, Maya · What happens: say, draw, not write, be · To what, where: pictures · Speech: someone speaks here

This is test 11 · ★★ of lesson 18 «The Maya» of the history course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

Sentence 1: Mate says the Maya could only draw pictures, not write.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mate	mate	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 says	nsubj
2	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Maya	det
4	Maya	Maya	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 draw	nsubj
5	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 draw	aux
6	only	only	ADV	_	7 draw	advmod
7	draw	draw	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 says	ccomp
8	pictures	picture	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 draw	obj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 write	punct
10	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 write	advmod
11	write	write	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 draw	conj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 says	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	present	Mate						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	draw	could	the Maya	pictures					vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent picture=Theme
3	not write	infinitive	the Maya not said here						vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Sentence 2: Is he right?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 right	cop
2	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 right	nsubj
3	right	right	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 right	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	Maya					right property	tree rules

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

No, they wrote everything in Latin

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 wrote	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 wrote	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 wrote	nsubj
4	wrote	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	everything	everything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	4 wrote	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 Latin	case
7	Latin	Latin	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 wrote	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	past	they	everything		Latin			vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent everything=Theme in latin=Destination

Option 2 · ✓ the right answer

No, they had a full writing system of glyphs

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	No	no	INTJ	Polarity=Neg	4 had	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 No	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 had	nsubj
4	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 system	det
6	full	full	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 system	amod
7	writing	writing	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 system	compound
8	system	system	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 had	obj
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 glyphs	case
10	glyphs	glyph	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 system	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	they	a full writing system of glyphs					vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent system=Patient

Option 3

Yes, they had no writing at all, only pictures

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	4 had	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 had	nsubj
4	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	6 writing	det
6	writing	writing	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 had	obj
7	at	at	ADP	_	8 all	case
8	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	6 writing	nmod
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 pictures	punct
10	only	only	ADV	_	11 pictures	advmod
11	pictures	picture	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 had	conj

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	they	no writing		all			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent writing=Patient

Option 4

Yes, only cave paintings

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	Polarity=Pos	5 paintings	discourse
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Yes	punct
3	only	only	ADV	_	5 paintings	advmod
4	cave	cave	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 paintings	compound
5	paintings	painting	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/18-the-maya/t11/