Exam question 2 · The first farms and towns

Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the origins of agriculture?

Mova's choice: option 1 · The right answer: option 3 · wrong ✗ · What happens: follow, characteris · To what, where: origins

This is exam question 2 of lesson 2 «The first farms and towns» of the history course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: the test at school.

The question

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 characterises	nsubj
2	of	of	ADP	_	5 statements	case
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 statements	det
4	following	follow	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 statements	amod
5	statements	statement	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obl
6	most	most	ADV	Degree=Sup	7 accurately	advmod
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	_	8 characterises	advmod
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 origins	det
10	origins	origin	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 characterises	obj
11	of	of	ADP	_	12 agriculture	case
12	agriculture	agriculture	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 origins	nmod
13	?	?	PUNCT	_	8 characterises	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	follow	gerund							vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	characteris	present		the origins of agriculture				of the following statements; accurately property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

The options

Option 1 · ← Mova's choice

It was devised by a single individual in one locality

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 devised	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 devised	aux:pass
3	devised	devise	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	by	by	ADP	_	7 individual	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 individual	det
6	single	single	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 individual	amod
7	individual	individual	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 devised	obl
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 locality	case
9	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 locality	nummod
10	locality	locality	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 individual	nmod

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	devise	past · passive	a single individual in one locality	It					vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient

Option 2

It originated exclusively in the British Isles

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 originated	nsubj
2	originated	originate	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	exclusively	exclusively	ADV	_	2 originated	advmod
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 Isles	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Isles	det
6	British	British	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 Isles	amod
7	Isles	Isle	PROPN	Number=Plur	2 originated	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	originate	past	It			the British Isles		exclusively property	vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Option 3 · ✓ the right answer

It arose gradually and independently in several regions

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 arose	nsubj
2	arose	arise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	gradually	gradually	ADV	_	2 arose	advmod
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 independently	cc
5	independently	independently	ADV	_	3 gradually	conj
6	in	in	ADP	_	8 regions	case
7	several	several	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 regions	amod
8	regions	region	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 arose	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	arise	past	It			several regions		gradually property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in region=Location

Option 4

It was introduced simultaneously throughout the world

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 introduced	nsubj:pass
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 introduced	aux:pass
3	introduced	introduce	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	simultaneously	simultaneously	ADV	_	3 introduced	advmod
5	throughout	throughout	ADP	_	7 world	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 world	det
7	world	world	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 introduced	obl

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	introduce	past · passive		It			throughout the world	simultaneously property	vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient

Text: the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (world/data/school/), as the course runner gave them to the student. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/history/2-the-first-farms-and-towns/e2/